Ultrapuertos

Who he is

Name

Pedro Garcia de Arroniz

Title

Tenente of the castle of San Juan de Pie de Puerto and the land of Cize (Cisa, Garazi)

Since

May 1199 (low confidence)

Born

Not known

Family

Not known

Confidence

low

Earlier holders: Martin Chipia, lord of the land of Cisa 'per manum regis' in 1189; Rodrigo de Baztan, the king's tenente at San Juan in September 1194. The viscount of Baigorri holds his valley as the king's vassal (name not pinned).

Overlord

Sancho VII of Navarre

What it holds

• Castle and burgo of San Juan de Pie de Puerto
• Valley of Cize (Garazi) and the road to Roncesvalles, with its tolls
• Viscounty of Baigorri, held by a Navarrese vassal
• Osses
• Arberoue with the castle of Rocabruna

How it was acquired

Built up in the late 12th century; Richard I recognised Navarrese rule over Cize and conceded Baigorri, Arberoue and Osses between 1189 and 1196.

Allies and rivals

Next door are the viscount of Labourd (Ustaritz) and the ducal men of Bayonne to the west, the lords of Mixe and Ostabarret (still Gascon) to the north, and Soule to the east. Berengaria claims San Juan and Rocabruna as dower.

How things stand that morning

Held by Navarre. Richard's death has removed the guarantor of the concessions and John has confirmed nothing yet.

Wealth

Tolls and hospitality on the Santiago road; pasture and flocks crossing the passes.

Military

Castles of San Juan de Pie de Puerto and Rocabruna; mountain levies of the valleys.

Threats

• Berengaria's dower claim with papal support
• Angevin pressure from Labourd and Bayonne

What the year holds

What happened next, if nothing in play changes it. Each event carries what it depends on and what would stop it.

1. 1201-1202 (after the year)Treaty of Sancho VII and John: Sancho keeps San Juan and Rocabruna for life.Depends on: John needing Navarre in Gascony. Stopped by: An Angevin attempt to enforce the dower claim.

Places of note

• Castle of San Juan de Pie de Puerto: Royal castle and burgo at the foot of the Roncesvalles pass.
• Castle of Rocabruna (Arberoue): Dower castle claimed by Berengaria; site approximate.

Where the sources disagree

Evidence: Tenentes attested in 1189, 1194 and 1199; the valley limits follow the later Basse-Navarre and are approximate. Kept consistent with the Iberia map's record Ultrapuertos.

On the map: Valley limits follow the later historic pays of Basse-Navarre; Irissarry and Iholdy are placed by guess.

Primary sources for Navarre

Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.

• Annals of Toledo and other short Iberian annals (12th and 13th centuries; Anales Toledanos I to 1219). Florez's volume 23 gathers the short annals of the peninsula. Read online
• Latin Chronicle of the Kings of Castile, Anonymous, probably Juan of Osma, chancellor of Castile (about 1223 to 1239). The chancellor's chronicle of Alfonso VIII's reign, detailed from the 1190s. Read online
• Chronicle of Roger of Howden, Roger of Howden (about 1192 to 1201). The fullest single narrative for the year. Read online
• The Wondrous Account of the History of al-Andalus and the Maghreb, Ibn Idhari al-Marrakushi (about 1312, at Marrakesh). The Almohad section is the fullest year-by-year narrative of the caliphate around 1200: the last campaigns and the death of Abu Yusuf Yaqub al-Mansur in January 1199, the accession of his son Muhammad al-Nasir, the renewed war of the Banu Ghaniya in Ifriqiya under Yahya ibn Ishaq and his ally Qaraqush, the Almohad losses of Mahdia and Tunis a few years later, and al-Nasir's reconquest of Ifriqiya in 1205 to 1206 followed by the appointment of Abd al-Wahid ibn Abi Hafs as governor. Read online
• History of the Affairs of Spain, Rodrigo Jimenez de Rada (completed 1243). The archbishop's history of the peninsula, written forty years on by a Navarrese who served Castile. Read online
• The Book of Census of the Roman Church, Cencius Camerarius (Cencio Savelli, later Pope Honorius III) (1192, with later additions). The papal rent roll: every church, monastery, town and kingdom that owed a census to Rome in 1192, diocese by diocese, with the sums, followed by lists of papal lands and castles, the ceremonial Ordo and copies of charters. Read online
• The Registers of Pope Innocent III for 1199 to 1201, Innocent III and the papal chancery (22 February 1199 to 21 February 1201). The pope's outgoing letters for the year, in his chancery's own copy, touching nearly every realm in the atlas. Read online
• The Great Book of Fiefs, Various; compiled by Ramon de Caldes for Alfonso II of Aragon (compiled 1192 to 1194). The register of the count-king's feudal rights, finished a few years before 1200 and in use at Peter II's court: some 900 charters of homage, convention, oath, sale and marriage arranged by county and lineage, covering Catalonia, Roussillon, Cerdanya, Pallars, Urgell, the Carcassonne and Beziers lands of the Trencavels, Provence and Aragon.

3 more in the sources library for France and Iberia.