The Western Ghat forest from Wayanad to the Agasthya hills is a country of hill peoples (in the later records the Paniyas, Kurichyas, Kurumas, Mannans, Malayarayans and Kanikkars) who farm hill rice and millet, gather pepper and cardamom, and live by their own headmen.
The Kolathiri, the Eradis, Valluvanad and Venad each claim the foot and the passes; none governs the forest. The elephant forests of the campaign board belong here.
Who holds it
- Name
- not named
- Title
- Hill clan and village headmen (the Wayanad, Idukki and Agasthya hill peoples)
- Since
- not pinned
- Confidence
- low
No source we read names the holder for 1 January 1200.
Overlord
none (claims from the lowland chiefs)
What it holds
- hill rice, pepper and cardamom
- the passes
How things stand that morning
Self-governing; the lowland chiefs take tolls at the passes and little else.
Wealth
Pepper, cardamom, honey, ivory; no figure.
Military
Bowmen; no numbers.
Where the sources disagree
- The campaign board places 'the Kerala elephant forests' on the coast; they belong to the Ghat belt.
Evidence: The names are from later records; the 1200 headmen are unknown.
"The campaign board" is OMNIA's working map. These notes record where its earlier claims were checked against the sources.
On the map: A rough guess; the Tamil Nadu side of the ridge is sit's.
Sources and studies
- Kolathunadu, Wikipedia (read for this sheet)
- Venad, Wikipedia (read for this sheet)
- OMNIA board notes for the place (a lead, checked against the other sources)
Last revised 4 November 2026. Published 4 November 2026. Suggest a correction on the OMNIA Discord.