Veroli, the papal hill town nearest Sora, faces the German-held county across the Liri watershed.
In 1199 three cardinals met Markward of Annweiler here and received his renunciation of the regency; within months he sailed for Sicily to claim it.
Who holds it
- Title
- The commune of Veroli
- Since
- Not pinned
- Confidence
- low
it.wikipedia gives nothing for 1100-1220 beyond the Rocca di San Leucio, which once sheltered Alexander III. FIU (bios1190, Guido de Papa): in 1199 the cardinals Ottaviano of Ostia, Ugolino and Guido negotiated with Markward at Veroli and received his renunciation of the regency (FIU's words).
Lord in 1200
The commune and its bishop under papal lordship.
Overlord
The pope.
Allies and rivals
Facing Conrad of Marlenheim's Sora across the frontier (cam).
How things stand that morning
Papal; a frontier town.
Wealth
Farms.
Military
Rocca; walls.
Threats
- Raids from Sora
Militia
City host.
Walls and castle
The Rocca di San Leucio above the town.
Trade and crafts
Farming and herding; the road to Sora.
Places of note
- Rocca di San Leucio: Citadel above the town
Where the sources disagree
Evidence: Only the 1199 meeting is pinned.
On the map: The modern commune stands for its land.
Primary sources for Papal State
Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.
- Annals of Montecassino; Annals of Ceccano (Fossanova) (12th and early 13th centuries; Ceccano to 1217). Two sets of annals from either side of the papal and Sicilian frontier. Read online
- Chronicle of Richard of San Germano, Richard of San Germano (first version about 1216, enlarged to 1243). The fullest southern narrative of the Hohenstaufen kingdom, written by a notary on the border of the Terra di Lavoro. Read online
- Chronicle of Alberic of Trois-Fontaines, Alberic of Trois-Fontaines (about 1227 to 1241, at the Cistercian abbey of Trois-Fontaines in Champagne). The widest net of any Latin chronicle for 1200, compiled from dozens of sources, many now lost. Read online
- Chronicle of Andres, William of Andres (about 1220 to 1234). The chronicle and cartulary of a small abbey between Guines and Ardres, near the border of Flanders and Boulogne. Read online
- Chronicle of Burchard of Ursberg, Burchard of Ursberg (about 1229 to 1230, reworked by Conrad of Lichtenau). Written a generation later by a fierce partisan of the Staufen and a critic of Innocent III. Read online
- Chronicle of Robert of Auxerre, Robert of Auxerre (Robert of Saint-Marien) (about 1190 to 1211; continued at Saint-Marien to 1227). A universal chronicle whose last twenty years are contemporary and well informed from Burgundy and the Auxerrois. Read online
- Chronicle of Roger of Howden, Roger of Howden (about 1192 to 1201). The fullest single narrative for the year. Read online
- Chronicle of Sicard, bishop of Cremona, Sicard of Cremona (about 1210 to 1213). A universal chronicle whose last part is a well-placed eyewitness account by a Lombard bishop who served emperors and popes. Read online
12 more in the sources library for Southern Italy and the Islands.
Sources and studies
Last revised 4 November 2026. Published 4 November 2026. Suggest a correction on the OMNIA Discord.