The town on the Flaminia under the Apennine ridge, with the castle later called Rocca Flea (twelfth century).
Early in 1198 Conrad of Urslingen surrendered Cesi and Gualdo to the cardinals at Narni: this is most likely Gualdo Tadino, the duke's castle on the road north (Gualdo Cattaneo is the other candidate; not pinned). Perugia had subdued it by the end of the century (Enciclopedia Italiana), and Gubbio disputes it. The town on the plain burns and is refounded on the hill, under Frederick II, in 1237 (later).
Who holds it
- Name
- Not pinned (Conrad of Urslingen handed 'Gualdo' to the pope's cardinals at Narni early in 1198)
- Title
- Castellan for the pope
- Since
- 1198
- Confidence
- low
Lord in 1200
The pope, holding the castle the duke gave up in 1198 (if the 'Gualdo' of the sources is this one); Perugia and Gubbio both press on it.
How things stand that morning
A papal castle, most likely, since 1198; contested in influence between Perugia and Gubbio. Across the borders: Gubbio north-west, the March (Fabriano, anc) north-east, Nocera south, Assisi's Valfabbrica south-west.
Charter
Not found.
Walls and castle
The castle on its hill (later Rocca Flea).
Trade and crafts
The Flaminia; pottery is later.
Where the sources disagree
Evidence: DBI (Conrad of Urslingen) for the 1198 surrender of 'Gualdo'; which Gualdo is not pinned.
Primary sources for Papal State
Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.
- Annals of Montecassino; Annals of Ceccano (Fossanova) (12th and early 13th centuries; Ceccano to 1217). Two sets of annals from either side of the papal and Sicilian frontier. Read online
- Chronicle of Richard of San Germano, Richard of San Germano (first version about 1216, enlarged to 1243). The fullest southern narrative of the Hohenstaufen kingdom, written by a notary on the border of the Terra di Lavoro. Read online
- Chronicle of Alberic of Trois-Fontaines, Alberic of Trois-Fontaines (about 1227 to 1241, at the Cistercian abbey of Trois-Fontaines in Champagne). The widest net of any Latin chronicle for 1200, compiled from dozens of sources, many now lost. Read online
- Chronicle of Andres, William of Andres (about 1220 to 1234). The chronicle and cartulary of a small abbey between Guines and Ardres, near the border of Flanders and Boulogne. Read online
- Chronicle of Burchard of Ursberg, Burchard of Ursberg (about 1229 to 1230, reworked by Conrad of Lichtenau). Written a generation later by a fierce partisan of the Staufen and a critic of Innocent III. Read online
- Chronicle of Robert of Auxerre, Robert of Auxerre (Robert of Saint-Marien) (about 1190 to 1211; continued at Saint-Marien to 1227). A universal chronicle whose last twenty years are contemporary and well informed from Burgundy and the Auxerrois. Read online
- Chronicle of Roger of Howden, Roger of Howden (about 1192 to 1201). The fullest single narrative for the year. Read online
- Chronicle of Sicard, bishop of Cremona, Sicard of Cremona (about 1210 to 1213). A universal chronicle whose last part is a well-placed eyewitness account by a Lombard bishop who served emperors and popes. Read online
12 more in the sources library for Southern Italy and the Islands.
Sources and studies
Last revised 4 November 2026. Published 4 November 2026. Suggest a correction on the OMNIA Discord.