Évreux

Who holds it

Name

Philip II of France (in fact); Count Amaury of Evreux (title); Bishop Garin de Cierrey (his church)

Title

Held by Philip II's garrison since April 1199

Since

April 1199

Confidence

high

Lord in 1200

In fact Philip II, whose garrison has held the city and the comital castle since April 1199. In law the count, Amaury of Montfort, under John. The bishop, Garin de Cierrey (since 1193), is lord of the cathedral precinct: a Norman bishop under French occupation.

How things stand that morning

French-held. The truce runs to 13 January.

Threats

• Norman attack from Conches, Breteuil or Le Neubourg if the truce fails

Walls and castle

Late Roman walls enclosing about 9 hectares; the counts' castle (site of the later town hall); the cathedral and the abbey of Saint-Taurin.

Trade and crafts

Market of the Evrecin plain.

What the year holds

What happened next, if nothing in play changes it. Each event carries what it depends on and what would stop it.

1. 22 May 1200Ceded to Philip at Le Goulet.Depends on: The peace Stopped by: No treaty: then it stays Philip's by force and John's in law

Where the sources disagree

• The project date rule says Evreux is still Angevin on 1 January 1200. In possession it has been Philip's since April 1199 (Wikipedia, Amaury IV of Evreux; the campaign's own Church notes, Part 6 B). Realm set to royal; John's claim is shown on Normandy and Évreux.

Evidence: The April 1199 seizure is dated; the shape of the occupation is not.

Primary sources for France (royal)

Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.

• Chronicle of Alberic of Trois-Fontaines, Alberic of Trois-Fontaines (about 1227 to 1241, at the Cistercian abbey of Trois-Fontaines in Champagne). The widest net of any Latin chronicle for 1200, compiled from dozens of sources, many now lost. Read online
• Chronicle of Hainaut, Gislebert of Mons (about 1195 to 1196). Ends in 1195, so it has no 1200 entries, but it is the indispensable background for Flanders and Hainaut: the career of Count Baldwin V of Hainaut (VIII of Flanders), his union of the two counties, the settlement with Philip over Artois, the rights, castles, fiefs and vassals of Hainaut listed by a man who ran its chancery, and the youth of Baldwin IX, who held both counties in 1200. Read online
• Chronicle of Robert of Auxerre, Robert of Auxerre (Robert of Saint-Marien) (about 1190 to 1211; continued at Saint-Marien to 1227). A universal chronicle whose last twenty years are contemporary and well informed from Burgundy and the Auxerrois. Read online
• Chronicles of the Churches of Anjou (Saint-Aubin, Saint-Serge, Saint-Florent and others), Various (monks of Angers and the Loire) (11th to 13th centuries; the Saint-Aubin annals run to the 1220s). The Angevin houses' own annals of the succession crisis in their city: Arthur received at Angers in 1199 with Constance and the Breton and Angevin barons, John's counter-moves, the defection of William des Roches and the Angevin lords to John, and the peace of 1200 that left Arthur John's vassal. Read online
• The Great Chronicle of Tours, Anonymous (a canon of Saint-Martin of Tours) (about 1227). The Loire valley's view of the Angevin succession. Read online
• Universal Chronicle of the Anonymous of Laon, Anonymous (an English-born canon of Laon) (about 1219). A Picard chronicle whose author had lived in England and keeps an eye on both kingdoms. Read online
• Chronicle of Roger of Howden, Roger of Howden (about 1192 to 1201). The fullest single narrative for the year. Read online
• Flowers of History, Roger of Wendover (about 1220 to 1235 at St Albans). For 1200 Wendover is mostly Howden rewritten, so he is a second witness only where he adds St Albans material: a long account of Hugh of Lincoln's last months, death and funeral, and anecdotes about John's conduct toward the Cistercians and his new queen. Read online

15 more in the sources library for France and Iberia.