The castle of Pappenheim on the Altmühl, finished in 1175, was built as an imperial castle and given to the marshals' family, who called themselves marshals of Pappenheim.
Henry of Kalden helped Markward of Annweiler crush the Sicilian barons' revolt in May and June 1197 and was given command of Henry VI's crusade that year (the princes in Palestine would not serve under him); he is now Philip's marshal, attested near Philip repeatedly, and one of the strongest royal ministeriales. His kin by marriage, the Ravensburgs, are the Würzburg ministeriales at odds with Bishop Conrad.
Who he is
- Name
- Henry of Kalden (Heinrich von Kalden), of the Pappenheim marshals' kin
- Title
- Marshal of the imperial court (Reichshofmarschall) since 1191; royal ministerialis
- Since
- 1191 (marshal)
- Born
- before 1175
- Family
- Probably the son of Henry 'Testa' of Pappenheim, marshal under Barbarossa and Henry VI, who died in 1191 at Montecassino. The marshals' office has been in the family since about 1100; the name Pappenheim is joined to it from 1141. By marriage he is related to the Ravensburg ministeriales of Würzburg.
- Confidence
- medium
de.wikipedia Heinrich von Kalden and Pappenheim (Adelsgeschlecht); Konrad von Querfurt (the Ravensburg link).
Overlord
The king.
What it holds
- Pappenheim castle and lordship on the Altmühl (an imperial castle held by the family)
- The marshal's office at the royal court
- Family lands at Biberbach and Markt (named in the Pappenheim Urbar of 1214) in Swabia (swa's ground)
How it was acquired
Imperial castle granted to the marshals' family; office hereditary in practice.
Allies and rivals
Philip's household; the Ravensburg ministeriales; rival of Bishop Conrad of Würzburg at court.
How things stand that morning
Henry is Philip's marshal (STAUFEN). The swa researcher's staufen record treats him as Philip's officer; he stays in Staufen service until 1213 and later also serves Otto IV.
Wealth
The marshal's fees and the Altmühl lands.
Military
Pappenheim castle; the marshal commands the royal host's discipline and camp.
What the year holds
What happened next, if nothing in play changes it. Each event carries what it depends on and what would stop it.
- March 1209 (beyond 1200)Kills Otto of Wittelsbach, Philip's murderer.Depends on: Philip's murder in 1208 Stopped by: play
Places of note
- Pappenheim castle: Imperial castle of the marshals, finished 1175
Where the sources disagree
- Whether Henry of Kalden himself held Pappenheim in 1200, or a kinsman did, is not settled in what we read; the de.wikipedia family article gives no head of the family after 1191.
Evidence: The marshal is well documented; the lordship's holder in 1200 is inferred.
On the map: Only the castle district is drawn.
Primary sources for Staufen
Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.
- Annals of Marbach (compiled to 1238, the section on 1198 to 1210 written in the early 13th century). Alsatian annals on the Staufen side of the Upper Rhine. Read online
- Annals of Reiner of Saint James, Liège, Reiner of Liège (1197 to 1230, kept year by year). Contemporary annals kept inside Liège. Read online
- Chronicle of Burchard of Ursberg, Burchard of Ursberg (about 1229 to 1230, reworked by Conrad of Lichtenau). Written a generation later by a fierce partisan of the Staufen and a critic of Innocent III. Read online
- Chronicle of Otto of St Blasien, Otto of St Blasien (about 1209 to 1210). A Swabian continuation of Otto of Freising written from the Staufen side. Read online
- Chronicle of Reinhardsbrunn; Chronicle of St Peter's, Erfurt (Erfurt chronicle in the 13th century; Reinhardsbrunn compilation about 1340 to 1349 from older annals). The two Thuringian chronicles. Read online
- Chronicle of the Slavs, by Arnold of Lübeck, Arnold of Lübeck (about 1209 to 1210). Arnold continues Helmold and writes from Lübeck, close to Danish, Welf and Baltic affairs. Read online
- Royal Chronicle of Cologne (in stages from about 1175 to about 1250; the section on 1198 to 1220 written soon after the events). The fullest German narrative of the throne war from the Welf and Cologne side. Read online
- Annals of Jarloch (Gerlach), abbot of Milevsko, Jarloch of Milevsko (about 1200 to 1220). The last Bohemian narrative before 1200, continuing Vincentius of Prague. Read online
23 more in the sources library for The Rhineland, the Low Countries and the Swiss Lands.
Sources and studies
- Heinrich von Kalden, de.wikipedia
- Pappenheim (Adelsgeschlecht), de.wikipedia
- Höfe und Residenzen im spätmittelalterlichen Reich, B 1 Philipp (Residenzen-Kommission, Göttingen Academy)
Last revised 4 November 2026. Published 4 November 2026. Suggest a correction on the OMNIA Discord.