Papareschi

Who he is

Name

Giovanni dei Papareschi, called a senator of Rome [whether he still holds Civita Castellana on 1 January 1200 is not pinned]

Title

Roman magnates; lords of Civita Castellana at the end of the twelfth century

Since

End of the twelfth century (it.wikipedia, Civita Castellana)

Born

Not pinned

Family

The Trastevere house of Pope Innocent II (Gregorio Papareschi, 1130-1143). FIU makes Cardinal Guido of S. Maria in Trastevere 'Guido de Papa', son of Cencius de Papa, also listed as Papareschi or Paparoni. Scotto Paparone was the senator in office when Innocent III was elected (Gregorovius); his kinship with Giovanni is not pinned

Confidence

low

it.wikipedia (Civita Castellana): 'at the end of the twelfth century it was the lordship of Giovanni dei Papareschi', a Roman senator. Luchaire: in the first campaign of the Viterbo war (1199) the senator went no further than Civita Castellana, which fits a Roman-held town on the Flaminia.

Overlord

The pope.

What it holds

• Civita Castellana (end of the twelfth century)
• Houses and towers in Trastevere

Allies and rivals

In the pope's party; Cardinal Guido is a papal diplomat.

How things stand that morning

Probably holding Civita Castellana under papal lordship [thin].

Wealth

The Flaminia road; Trastevere property.

Military

A natural fortress between ravines; no numbers.

Threats

• The Viterbo war on its doorstep

Places of note

• Trastevere: Family seat by S. Maria in Trastevere

Where the sources disagree

• GM Part 11 ruling 1: FIU identifies Cardinal Guido of S. Maria in Trastevere as Guido de Papa (Papareschi), a Roman, which supports the second reading in the campaign notes, not Guy Paré of Cîteaux.

Evidence: One undated statement for the lordship; the family's standing is well attested.

On the map: Drawn on one undated statement; treat as probable.

Primary sources for Papal State

Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.

• Annals of Montecassino; Annals of Ceccano (Fossanova) (12th and early 13th centuries; Ceccano to 1217). Two sets of annals from either side of the papal and Sicilian frontier. Read online
• Chronicle of Richard of San Germano, Richard of San Germano (first version about 1216, enlarged to 1243). The fullest southern narrative of the Hohenstaufen kingdom, written by a notary on the border of the Terra di Lavoro. Read online
• Chronicle of Alberic of Trois-Fontaines, Alberic of Trois-Fontaines (about 1227 to 1241, at the Cistercian abbey of Trois-Fontaines in Champagne). The widest net of any Latin chronicle for 1200, compiled from dozens of sources, many now lost. Read online
• Chronicle of Andres, William of Andres (about 1220 to 1234). The chronicle and cartulary of a small abbey between Guines and Ardres, near the border of Flanders and Boulogne. Read online
• Chronicle of Burchard of Ursberg, Burchard of Ursberg (about 1229 to 1230, reworked by Conrad of Lichtenau). Written a generation later by a fierce partisan of the Staufen and a critic of Innocent III. Read online
• Chronicle of Robert of Auxerre, Robert of Auxerre (Robert of Saint-Marien) (about 1190 to 1211; continued at Saint-Marien to 1227). A universal chronicle whose last twenty years are contemporary and well informed from Burgundy and the Auxerrois. Read online
• Chronicle of Roger of Howden, Roger of Howden (about 1192 to 1201). The fullest single narrative for the year. Read online
• Chronicle of Sicard, bishop of Cremona, Sicard of Cremona (about 1210 to 1213). A universal chronicle whose last part is a well-placed eyewitness account by a Lombard bishop who served emperors and popes. Read online

12 more in the sources library for Southern Italy and the Islands.