Augsburg

Who holds it

Name

Udalschalk

Title

Bishop of Augsburg

Since

1184

Confidence

medium

Bishop 1184-1202. He placed the newly found bones of St Ulrich in the new church of SS Ulrich and Afra. His stance in the throne dispute is not pinned in the sources consulted.

What it holds

• Augsburg: city lordship under the city law restored by Barbarossa on 21 June 1156
• Scattered estates and hunting rights in Swabia and on the Lech (a hunting grant of 1059); the closed Hochstift formed only from the 13th century

How it was acquired

City lordship from the Ottonian era; the Hochstift grew from the 11th to 13th centuries.

How things stand that morning

Udalschalk holds the city under Staufen advocacy; the bishop's position is that of a lord whose protector is the king.

Wealth

City rents, market and mint; Lech valley estates.

Threats

• The citizens' rising autonomy
• Staufen control through the advocacy

Advocates and rivals

The Staufen hold the advocacy of the city (in the standard account since the extinction of the Schwabegg advocates about 1167-1168; not checked here); the citizens, who will win the right to a seal and to tax themselves in 1251 and free imperial status in 1276.

Where the sources disagree

Evidence: The city law of 1156 and later steps are well attested; the advocacy date and the bishop's stance are not checked against sources here.

On the map: Only the city is drawn.

Primary sources for Empire

Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.

• Annals of Marbach (compiled to 1238, the section on 1198 to 1210 written in the early 13th century). Alsatian annals on the Staufen side of the Upper Rhine. Read online
• Annals of Reiner of Saint James, Liège, Reiner of Liège (1197 to 1230, kept year by year). Contemporary annals kept inside Liège. Read online
• Chronicle of Burchard of Ursberg, Burchard of Ursberg (about 1229 to 1230, reworked by Conrad of Lichtenau). Written a generation later by a fierce partisan of the Staufen and a critic of Innocent III. Read online
• Chronicle of Otto of St Blasien, Otto of St Blasien (about 1209 to 1210). A Swabian continuation of Otto of Freising written from the Staufen side. Read online
• Chronicle of Reinhardsbrunn; Chronicle of St Peter's, Erfurt (Erfurt chronicle in the 13th century; Reinhardsbrunn compilation about 1340 to 1349 from older annals). The two Thuringian chronicles. Read online
• Chronicle of the Slavs, by Arnold of Lübeck, Arnold of Lübeck (about 1209 to 1210). Arnold continues Helmold and writes from Lübeck, close to Danish, Welf and Baltic affairs. Read online
• Royal Chronicle of Cologne (in stages from about 1175 to about 1250; the section on 1198 to 1220 written soon after the events). The fullest German narrative of the throne war from the Welf and Cologne side. Read online
• Chronicle of Hainaut, Gislebert of Mons (about 1195 to 1196). Ends in 1195, so it has no 1200 entries, but it is the indispensable background for Flanders and Hainaut: the career of Count Baldwin V of Hainaut (VIII of Flanders), his union of the two counties, the settlement with Philip over Artois, the rights, castles, fiefs and vassals of Hainaut listed by a man who ran its chancery, and the youth of Baldwin IX, who held both counties in 1200. Read online

8 more in the sources library for The Rhineland, the Low Countries and the Swiss Lands.