Yanzhou (Qufu)

Who holds it

Name

Kong Yuancuo

Title

Duke Yansheng (hereditary) and magistrate of Qufu

Since

duke from 1191; magistrate of Qufu from 1197 (English Wikipedia)

Born

1182

Family

51st generation of the Confucian main line, northern branch; a boy of nine when he succeeded and now about eighteen

Confidence

medium

English Wikipedia, Duke Yansheng.

Lord in 1200

The prefect of Yanzhou; the Duke Yansheng Kong Yuancuo as the local magistrate of Qufu

Overlord

Emperor Zhangzong

What the town holds

• The county of Qufu under the Kong dukes' hereditary magistracy
• The temple and cemetery of Confucius
• The Kong estates (a large private rural estate)

How it was acquired

Held by the Jin since the conquest of the 1120s.

How things stand that morning

A pilgrim town and a county of scholars; quiet.

Council

The prefect and the county magistrate, with the military commandery's officers; no town council known.

Communities

The Kong clan and its dependents; Han scholars.

Militia

The prefectural garrison; no numbers known.

Walls and castle

Probably walled, like most prefectural seats; no source we opened describes the walls.

Trade and crafts

Grain, books and the pilgrim trade. Not dated.

Places of note

• Kong mansion and temple: The Temple of Confucius and the mansion of the Duke Yansheng.

Where the sources disagree

Evidence: Secondary sources and general knowledge; the Jinshi's Dili zhi could not be opened in this session.

On the map: Near land of eight kilometres round Yanzhou and Qufu.

Primary sources for Jin empire

Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.

• Annals of the Western Xia, Wu Guangcheng (吳廣成) (1825 to 1827, compiled from Song, Liao, Jin and Yuan sources). A Qing scholar's year-by-year reconstruction of Tangut history from the Chinese histories, since the Xia left no surviving annals of their own in Chinese. Read online
• Continuation of the Comprehensive Mirror for Aid in Government, Bi Yuan (畢沅), completed by Feng Jiwu after his death (late eighteenth century, finished after 1801, from Song and Yuan sources). A Qing scholar's continuous month-by-month chronicle of the Song and Yuan centuries, compiled from the Song shi, the Liao, Jin and Yuan histories, Li Tao, Li Xinchuan and other Song sources. Read online
• Essentials of the History of Goryeo, Kim Jong-seo (金宗瑞) and the Joseon history office (1452). The chronological companion to the Goryeosa, finished a year after it and drawing on the same lost records, sometimes with entries the Goryeosa omits. Read online
• Outline and Details of Two Reigns (thirteenth century, after 1224). A Song outline-and-detail chronicle of exactly the two reigns around 1200, drawn from the court's daily records. Read online
• Record of the Personal Campaigns of the Holy Warrior (Chinggis Khan) (presented to Khubilai in 1288, finished in Mongolian in 1290; the surviving Chinese version dates from 1369). A year-by-year Chinese account of Temujin's wars, drawn from the lost Altan Debter (the same source behind the Yuan shi's first chapter and Rashid al-Din). Read online
• The Secret History of the Mongols (1228 or 1240 (the colophon's Year of the Rat is disputed), with later additions; the surviving Chinese transcription and gloss were made under the Ming in the 1380s). The only Mongol account of Temujin's rise, written within living memory. Read online
• History of the Jin, Toqto'a (脫脫) and the Yuan history office, with Ouyang Xuan among the chief compilers (1343 to 1344, from the Jin veritable records and the Jin national history). The official history of the Jurchen empire that ruled north China and Manchuria in 1200. Read online
• Record of the Great Jin State, Attributed to Yuwen Maozhao (宇文懋昭); the attribution is doubtful (preface dated 1234; probably assembled in the Southern Song from Song and Jin material, with later accretions). A Song-side history of the Jin, with annals for each emperor and chapters on institutions, customs, the capitals and the Jurchen way of life. Read online

14 more in the sources library for North China and Manchuria.