Sens

Who holds it

Name

Philip II (county of Sens since 1055); the archbishop, see vacant

Title

Lord

Since

1055

Confidence

high

Lord in 1200

The king through his prevot; the archbishopric is vacant since Michel de Corbeil died on 28 November 1199 and its regalia are in the king's hand; the commune has its own magistrates.

Allies and rivals

Commune against chapter; king and pope over the coming election.

How things stand that morning

See vacant; election ahead under the interdict.

Wealth

River trade.

Military

Walls; communal sergeants.

Threats

• A contested election.

Charter

Commune restored by Philip Augustus in 1189.

Council

Mayor and jures of the commune.

Communities

A Jewish community, readmitted with the rest of the demesne after 1198 [its size on this date not pinned]; the chapter and the abbeys of Saint-Pierre-le-Vif and Sainte-Colombe.

Militia

Communal sergeants owed to the host.

Walls and castle

Roman walls; the king's tower.

Trade and crafts

Yonne river trade to Paris (wine, timber), tanning.

What the year holds

What happened next, if nothing in play changes it. Each event carries what it depends on and what would stop it.

1. 1200, date not pinnedPeter of Corbeil, bishop of Cambrai, is translated to Sens.Depends on: King and pope accepting him. Stopped by: A royal veto under the interdict.

Places of note

• Cathedral of Saint-Etienne: Metropolitan church.

Where the sources disagree

Evidence: Commune dates standard; officers not named.

Primary sources for France (royal)

Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.

• Chronicle of Alberic of Trois-Fontaines, Alberic of Trois-Fontaines (about 1227 to 1241, at the Cistercian abbey of Trois-Fontaines in Champagne). The widest net of any Latin chronicle for 1200, compiled from dozens of sources, many now lost. Read online
• Chronicle of Hainaut, Gislebert of Mons (about 1195 to 1196). Ends in 1195, so it has no 1200 entries, but it is the indispensable background for Flanders and Hainaut: the career of Count Baldwin V of Hainaut (VIII of Flanders), his union of the two counties, the settlement with Philip over Artois, the rights, castles, fiefs and vassals of Hainaut listed by a man who ran its chancery, and the youth of Baldwin IX, who held both counties in 1200. Read online
• Chronicle of Robert of Auxerre, Robert of Auxerre (Robert of Saint-Marien) (about 1190 to 1211; continued at Saint-Marien to 1227). A universal chronicle whose last twenty years are contemporary and well informed from Burgundy and the Auxerrois. Read online
• Chronicles of the Churches of Anjou (Saint-Aubin, Saint-Serge, Saint-Florent and others), Various (monks of Angers and the Loire) (11th to 13th centuries; the Saint-Aubin annals run to the 1220s). The Angevin houses' own annals of the succession crisis in their city: Arthur received at Angers in 1199 with Constance and the Breton and Angevin barons, John's counter-moves, the defection of William des Roches and the Angevin lords to John, and the peace of 1200 that left Arthur John's vassal. Read online
• The Great Chronicle of Tours, Anonymous (a canon of Saint-Martin of Tours) (about 1227). The Loire valley's view of the Angevin succession. Read online
• Universal Chronicle of the Anonymous of Laon, Anonymous (an English-born canon of Laon) (about 1219). A Picard chronicle whose author had lived in England and keeps an eye on both kingdoms. Read online
• Chronicle of Roger of Howden, Roger of Howden (about 1192 to 1201). The fullest single narrative for the year. Read online
• Flowers of History, Roger of Wendover (about 1220 to 1235 at St Albans). For 1200 Wendover is mostly Howden rewritten, so he is a second witness only where he adds St Albans material: a long account of Hugh of Lincoln's last months, death and funeral, and anecdotes about John's conduct toward the Cistercians and his new queen. Read online

15 more in the sources library for France and Iberia.