A Song county of Chuzhou (Huai'an) on the south bank of the old Huai, where the Si joins the Huai at Qingkou and the Shanyang canal meets the river.
It lies on ground the tool gives to this sheet, so it is written here with the realm that held it: the Song. The Yellow River's southern arm of 1194 is thought to enter the Huai through the Si at about this place (not pinned). The Jin's Lianshui and Haizhou lie across the water to the north.
Who holds it
- Title
- The Song magistrate of Huaiyin (name not known)
- Since
- not known
- Born
- not known
- Family
- not known
- Confidence
- low
Not known. The Jinshi names prefects only inside individual biographies, which we could not reach; the office, not the man, is what the map can show.
Lord in 1200
The Song emperor Ningzong, through Chuzhou (the South China sheet's).
Overlord
the Song emperor Ningzong (Zhao Kuo), through Chuzhou (Huai'an) and the Huainan East commission, the South China sheet's
What the town holds
- Huaiyin county of Chuzhou
- Qingkou, the river and canal junction
How it was acquired
Taken by the Jin in the campaigns of 1127 to 1141 and held since (recalled); the Huai line of 1141 to 1142 was confirmed in 1165.
Allies and rivals
Answers to the Southern Capital's governor and the circuit commissions; no feud is recorded in anything we could reach.
How things stand that morning
The Song's northern edge on the lower Huai, at peace.
Wealth
Canal and river tolls, salt.
Military
Song garrison of Chuzhou; no numbers.
Council
The local magistrate or garrison officer (name not known).
Communities
Not recorded.
Militia
A small post or garrison; no numbers.
Where the sources disagree
- The campaign board entry lists Huaiyin as a Song place (Huainan East, Chuzhou) on this sheet's ground; the tool gives it to nch (north of 33.6 N). Written here as a Song place.
Evidence: A minor place: what is said comes from the Jinshi Dili zhi lists (read) and from general knowledge (recalled). No source we could reach describes it in the winter of 1199 to 1200.
"The campaign board" is OMNIA's working map. These notes record where its earlier claims were checked against the sources.
On the map: A point only: the coordinate is the modern place or the campaign board's, good to a few kilometres at best.
Primary sources for Southern Song
Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.
- Continuation of the Comprehensive Mirror for Aid in Government, Bi Yuan (畢沅), completed by Feng Jiwu after his death (late eighteenth century, finished after 1801, from Song and Yuan sources). A Qing scholar's continuous month-by-month chronicle of the Song and Yuan centuries, compiled from the Song shi, the Liao, Jin and Yuan histories, Li Tao, Li Xinchuan and other Song sources. Read online
- Outline and Details of Two Reigns (thirteenth century, after 1224). A Song outline-and-detail chronicle of exactly the two reigns around 1200, drawn from the court's daily records. Read online
- Annals of the Western Xia, Wu Guangcheng (吳廣成) (1825 to 1827, compiled from Song, Liao, Jin and Yuan sources). A Qing scholar's year-by-year reconstruction of Tangut history from the Chinese histories, since the Xia left no surviving annals of their own in Chinese. Read online
- History of the Song, Toqto'a (脫脫) and the Yuan history office (1343 to 1345, from the Song veritable records, state histories and the Huiyao). The official history of the Southern Song, which ruled from Lin'an (Hangzhou) in 1200. Read online
- History of Song, chapters 488 and 489: Jiaozhi, Dali, Champa, Zhenla, Pagan, Srivijaya, Java, Brunei, Chola and Tambralinga, Toqto'a (Tuotuo) and the Yuan history office, from the Song court records (1343 to 1345, from Song veritable records and court diaries). The Chinese court's record of its southern neighbours, compiled from Song archives. Read online
- History of the Jin, Toqto'a (脫脫) and the Yuan history office, with Ouyang Xuan among the chief compilers (1343 to 1344, from the Jin veritable records and the Jin national history). The official history of the Jurchen empire that ruled north China and Manchuria in 1200. Read online
- History of the Song, the chapters on Xia and on foreign states, Toqto'a (脫脫) and the Yuan history office (1343 to 1345). The Song court's accounts of its neighbours, each arranged as an annal of embassies and wars. Read online
- Record of the Great Jin State, Attributed to Yuwen Maozhao (宇文懋昭); the attribution is doubtful (preface dated 1234; probably assembled in the Southern Song from Song and Jin material, with later accretions). A Song-side history of the Jin, with annals for each emperor and chapters on institutions, customs, the capitals and the Jurchen way of life. Read online
12 more in the sources library for South China.
Sources and studies
- Recalled from standard works and NOT re-read this session: Tao Jing-shen, The Jurchen in Twelfth-Century China (1976); Franke and Twitchett (eds.), Cambridge History of China 6 (1994), the Jin chapter; Jinshi Hequ zhi, Bing zhi, Baiguan zhi, Shihuo zhi; the Song envoys' diaries (Lou Yue, Beixing rilu, 1169; Fan Chengda, Lanpei lu, 1170)
Last revised 4 November 2026. Published 4 November 2026. Suggest a correction on the OMNIA Discord.