Quanzhen, the Daoist order founded by Wang Zhe (Chongyang), has a Henan history.
Wang Zhe died at Kaifeng early in 1170 on his way east with four disciples (Ma Yu, Tan Chuduan, Liu Chuxuan, Qiu Chuji); his coffin was carried back to Shaanxi (recalled). Tan Chuduan went to Luoyang and died there in 1185 (recalled). By 1200 the order has hermitages and small communities in Henan, but its centres are in Shandong and Shaanxi, and the Jin court watches it: the Jin banned it for a time in the 1190s (the date, 1190 or 1195, is not pinned; recalled).
The order holds no estates or armed men here.
Who holds it
- Title
- Quanzhen masters in Henan (names not known for 1200)
- Since
- not known
- Born
- not known
- Family
- not known
- Confidence
- low
No abbot, priest or community head is named for 1 January 1200 in anything we could reach. Sites dedicated to the Buddhist, Daoist and Confucian traditions are covered in the Jinshi only by passing notices, and the temple steles and local gazetteers that would date them were not reachable from here.
Overlord
the Jin emperor Zhangzong (Wanyan Jing), Cheng'an 4, through the Department of State Affairs at Zhongdu
What it holds
- Small hermitages and temples (sites in Henan not pinned)
- The memory of Wang Zhe's death at Kaifeng
How it was acquired
From 1170.
Allies and rivals
Under the circuit officers; the order's centres and masters lie in the nce and ncw areas.
How things stand that morning
A small, watched presence; no source for the winter of 1199 to 1200.
Wealth
Alms and the gifts of lay patrons.
What the year holds
What happened next, if nothing in play changes it. Each event carries what it depends on and what would stop it.
- 1220 to 1224Qiu Chuji travels to Chinggis Khan and the order rises under Mongol favour (recalled).Depends on: The Mongol conquest of North China, which has not begun. Stopped by: No Mongol conquest.
Places of note
- Kaifeng, where Wang Zhe died in 1170: Recalled from the order's histories.
- Luoyang, where Tan Chuduan died in 1185: Recalled.
Where the sources disagree
Evidence: The deaths of 1170 and 1185 and the ban of the 1190s are recalled from standard works and not re-read; no source we could reach describes the order in Henan in the winter of 1199 to 1200, so its sites and masters there are not pinned.
On the map: A point or a small disc at the modern site; no estate boundary of 1200 is known, so none is drawn.
Primary sources for Jin empire
Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.
- Annals of the Western Xia, Wu Guangcheng (吳廣成) (1825 to 1827, compiled from Song, Liao, Jin and Yuan sources). A Qing scholar's year-by-year reconstruction of Tangut history from the Chinese histories, since the Xia left no surviving annals of their own in Chinese. Read online
- Continuation of the Comprehensive Mirror for Aid in Government, Bi Yuan (畢沅), completed by Feng Jiwu after his death (late eighteenth century, finished after 1801, from Song and Yuan sources). A Qing scholar's continuous month-by-month chronicle of the Song and Yuan centuries, compiled from the Song shi, the Liao, Jin and Yuan histories, Li Tao, Li Xinchuan and other Song sources. Read online
- Essentials of the History of Goryeo, Kim Jong-seo (金宗瑞) and the Joseon history office (1452). The chronological companion to the Goryeosa, finished a year after it and drawing on the same lost records, sometimes with entries the Goryeosa omits. Read online
- Outline and Details of Two Reigns (thirteenth century, after 1224). A Song outline-and-detail chronicle of exactly the two reigns around 1200, drawn from the court's daily records. Read online
- Record of the Personal Campaigns of the Holy Warrior (Chinggis Khan) (presented to Khubilai in 1288, finished in Mongolian in 1290; the surviving Chinese version dates from 1369). A year-by-year Chinese account of Temujin's wars, drawn from the lost Altan Debter (the same source behind the Yuan shi's first chapter and Rashid al-Din). Read online
- The Secret History of the Mongols (1228 or 1240 (the colophon's Year of the Rat is disputed), with later additions; the surviving Chinese transcription and gloss were made under the Ming in the 1380s). The only Mongol account of Temujin's rise, written within living memory. Read online
- History of the Jin, Toqto'a (脫脫) and the Yuan history office, with Ouyang Xuan among the chief compilers (1343 to 1344, from the Jin veritable records and the Jin national history). The official history of the Jurchen empire that ruled north China and Manchuria in 1200. Read online
- Record of the Great Jin State, Attributed to Yuwen Maozhao (宇文懋昭); the attribution is doubtful (preface dated 1234; probably assembled in the Southern Song from Song and Jin material, with later accretions). A Song-side history of the Jin, with annals for each emperor and chapters on institutions, customs, the capitals and the Jurchen way of life. Read online
14 more in the sources library for North China and Manchuria.
Sources and studies
- Recalled from standard works and NOT re-read this session: Tao Jing-shen, The Jurchen in Twelfth-Century China (1976); Franke and Twitchett (eds.), Cambridge History of China 6 (1994), the Jin chapter; Jinshi Hequ zhi, Bing zhi, Baiguan zhi, Shihuo zhi; the Song envoys' diaries (Lou Yue, Beixing rilu, 1169; Fan Chengda, Lanpei lu, 1170)
Last revised 4 November 2026. Published 4 November 2026. Suggest a correction on the OMNIA Discord.