Lavo shrines

Who holds it

Title

Priests of the Khmer shrines of Lavapura (not named)

Since

not known

Born

not known

Family

not known

Confidence

low

English Wikipedia (Phra Prang Sam Yot): built by Jayavarman VII in the early 13th century, groundbreaking c. 1200, originally Mahayana Buddhist, the north tower for Prajnaparamita, the centre for the Buddha and the south for Avalokitesvara. English Wikipedia (Lopburi) calls the town Lavapura, incorporated into the Khmer empire under Suryavarman I, and names San Phra Kan as a Khmer shrine without date or religion.

Overlord

The king, through the Khmer seat of Lavo (see the Lavo record); the weight of the town's own lords is not pinned.

What it holds

• The Sam Yot site and whatever stands of it
• San Phra Kan and the prang of Wat Phra Si Rattana Mahathat
• Endowments (not known)

How things stand that morning

The building programme is at its start or not begun; date not secure.

What the year holds

What happened next, if nothing in play changes it. Each event carries what it depends on and what would stop it.

1. about 1200 to the early 13th centuryPhra Prang Sam Yot is begun and built as a Mahayana shrine.Depends on: The king's western programme continuing and Lavo staying a Khmer seat. Stopped by: A Lavo that breaks with Angkor, the king's death (about 1218, range 1218 to 1220) cutting the work short, or the date being wrong.

Places of note

• San Phra Kan: Small Khmer shrine in the town (placed at the town).

Where the sources disagree

• The campaign board entry phra-prang-sam-yot lists the towers as standing; English Wikipedia dates the work to c. 1200 or later, so on 1 January 1200 the building may not exist.

Evidence: One English Wikipedia page for the date of Sam Yot; no date for the other shrines; the dedication is a later reading.

"The campaign board" is OMNIA's working map. These notes record where its earlier claims were checked against the sources.

On the map: A disc round Sam Yot, which stands inside the town.

Primary sources for Khmer empire

Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.

• The Abridged History of Viet, Anonymous (attributed by some to Su Hy Nhan) (about 1377, probably as an abridgement of Le Van Huu's lost history of 1272). The oldest surviving Vietnamese history, a century older than the Complete Annals and in places fuller for the Ly dynasty, which fills its second and third books.
• The Complete Annals of Dai Viet, Ngo Si Lien, drawing on Le Van Huu's Dai Viet su ky (1272) and Phan Phu Tien; continued by Pham Cong Tru and Le Hi (1479; printed 1697 in the standard Chinh Hoa edition). The main narrative source for Dai Viet in 1200, compiled in 1479 from Le Van Huu's lost history of 1272. Read online
• The later Tai, Lao and Mon chronicles of the north, Ratanapanna (Jinakalamali); Bodhiramsi (Chamadevivamsa); anonymous monks and court scribes (the Chamadevivamsa about 1410; the Jinakalamali 1516 to 1528; the Chiang Mai Chronicle in its surviving form 1827; the Nithan Khun Borom 16th to 17th century). There is no text of 1200 for the Mon kingdom of Haripunjaya, the Tai muang of Ngoenyang (Chiang Saen), Chiang Rung, the Yom and Nan valleys, or the Lao middle Mekong.
• History of Song, chapters 488 and 489: Jiaozhi, Dali, Champa, Zhenla, Pagan, Srivijaya, Java, Brunei, Chola and Tambralinga, Toqto'a (Tuotuo) and the Yuan history office, from the Song court records (1343 to 1345, from Song veritable records and court diaries). The Chinese court's record of its southern neighbours, compiled from Song archives. Read online
• History of the Song, the chapters on Xia and on foreign states, Toqto'a (脫脫) and the Yuan history office (1343 to 1345). The Song court's accounts of its neighbours, each arranged as an annal of embassies and wars. Read online
• Corpus of the Inscriptions of Campa (EFEO and ISAW), Various (the Cham kings and their officers), edited by Arlo Griffiths, Amandine Lepoutre, William Southworth and Thanh Phan (inscriptions of the 4th to 15th centuries; the online corpus from 2012). The online edition of the Cham inscriptions, with photographs, texts and translations, keyed to the C. numbers. Read online
• The Inscriptions of Cambodia, Various (the Khmer kings and their officers), edited by George Coedes (inscriptions of the 6th to 14th centuries; edited 1937 to 1966). The Khmer empire of 1200 is known almost entirely from the great foundation stelae of Jayavarman VII (reigning from 1181), which Coedes edited: the Ta Prohm stele of 1186 (K. Read online
• The Sanskrit inscriptions of Cambodia and Champa (ISCC), Various (Khmer and Cham kings), edited by Auguste Barth and Abel Bergaigne (inscriptions of the 7th to 12th centuries; edited 1885 to 1893). The founding edition of Khmer and Cham Sanskrit epigraphy, public domain and online, which Coedes's later corpus supersedes but does not replace. Read online

5 more in the sources library for Mainland Southeast Asia.