A long run of reefs and whirlpools where the river squeezes between rock walls, a short way below Chiang Khong.
Boats are unloaded and lined down through it, and in the low-water months the traffic walks (the campaign board). It is a natural obstacle with portage villages, not a fort. The point is the campaign board's (20.15 N, 100.50 E); the gazetteer does not have the name, and we could not check the position on a map.
Who holds it
- Title
- No holder
- Since
- not known
- Born
- not known
- Confidence
- low
What the town holds
- A portage
Allies and rivals
Chiang Khong upstream; the Lao muang downstream (Khmer and Lao).
How things stand that morning
A natural obstacle with portage villages.
Wealth
Portage fees.
Threats
- None
Where the sources disagree
Evidence: Geography and the campaign board.
"The campaign board" is OMNIA's working map. These notes record where its earlier claims were checked against the sources.
On the map: A point; the position is approximate.
Primary sources for Ngoenyang
Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.
- The later Tai, Lao and Mon chronicles of the north, Ratanapanna (Jinakalamali); Bodhiramsi (Chamadevivamsa); anonymous monks and court scribes (the Chamadevivamsa about 1410; the Jinakalamali 1516 to 1528; the Chiang Mai Chronicle in its surviving form 1827; the Nithan Khun Borom 16th to 17th century). There is no text of 1200 for the Mon kingdom of Haripunjaya, the Tai muang of Ngoenyang (Chiang Saen), Chiang Rung, the Yom and Nan valleys, or the Lao middle Mekong.
Sources and studies
Last revised 4 November 2026. Published 4 November 2026. Suggest a correction on the OMNIA Discord.