The mouth of the Ciliwung and the harbour for the interior.
The campaign board reads a Chinese account of about 1225 as calling it six fathoms deep with houses along both banks, and then saying that the country has no government, that robbing is common and that foreign merchants therefore seldom come. en.wikipedia leans to Old Banten for the Sin-t'o harbour, so the identification is open. In 1200 Kalapa is a river-mouth village; the name Sunda Kelapa and Jayakarta (1527) are later.
Who holds it
- Title
- Local headman
- Since
- not pinned
- Born
- not known
- Confidence
- low
No name for 1 January 1200 appears in any source we could reach.
Where the sources disagree
Evidence: The campaign board entry reading of a report written 25 years after the date.
"The campaign board" is OMNIA's working map. These notes record where its earlier claims were checked against the sources.
Primary sources for Sunda
Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.
- Old Javanese Charters (the Brandes and Krom corpus), including the Kediri inscriptions of Kamesvara and Srngga, Various (the Kediri kings and their officers), edited by J. L. A. Brandes and N. J. Krom (inscriptions of the 8th to 15th centuries; edited 1913). Kediri (Panjalu) in 1200 is known from a few royal charters on stone and copper, which this corpus first printed: the records of Kamesvara (about 1182 to 1194) and of Srngga, that is Kertajaya (from about 1194 to 1222), among them the Kamulan charter of 1194 and the Palah (Panataran) record of 1197, with the king's titles, his seal, the officials of the court and the villages freed from tax.
- A Description of the Foreign Peoples (Records of Foreign Nations), Zhao Rukuo (Zhao Rugua) (1225 at Quanzhou). The best single text for the island world around 1200, written by the superintendent of maritime trade at Quanzhou from merchants' reports a generation after the date. Read online
- The Description of the Country, called the Nagarakretagama, Mpu Prapanca (1365 at the Majapahit court). A Majapahit court poem of 1365 listed here only for its retrospect. Read online
Sources and studies
Last revised 4 November 2026. Published 4 November 2026. Suggest a correction on the OMNIA Discord.