Ladrón

Who he is

Name

Pedro Ladrón

Title

Senior (royal lord) of Teruel; holder of Mora by royal grant

Since

Teruel from 1196 (Miret i Sans; señor de Teruel 1196-1200 in Caruana and Esteban, cited by Nicolás-Minué); Mora granted 1198

Born

Not pinned

Family

The name is that of the Navarrese and Alavese house of Ladrón; his parentage is not pinned. He held Sos for the king in 1180-1182.

Confidence

high

Alférez of the king in 1196-1197 (Daroca, September 1196; Jaca, November 1197). 'Senior en Teruel' at Calatayud (February 1198), Huesca (October 1198) and Jaca (30 December 1199). In 1198 Peter II gave him the town and castle of Mora, then the furthest Christian post toward Valencia. The tenentes list ends his career in 1200.

Overlord

Peter II of Aragon

What it holds

• Teruel: the lordship (senioratus) of the town and its castle for the king, over a council that elects its own judge each year
• Mora (de Rubielos): town and castle, granted by Peter II in 1198

How it was acquired

Royal appointment to Teruel by 1196; royal grant of Mora in 1198.

Allies and rivals

The council of Teruel and its leading caballero families (the Marcilla); the Templars of Alfambra; the lord of Albarracín to the west. Enemies: the Muslim garrisons of Manzanera, Rubielos, Camarena, Ademuz and Castielfabib.

How things stand that morning

Holds Teruel and Mora; at court at Jaca on 30 December 1199.

Wealth

A share of Teruel's royal rents and of the frontier's booty (the king's fifth of cabalgadas), and Mora's lands. No figures.

Military

Teruel's castle and the council's militia of caballeros villanos; Mora's castle as an advanced post. No numbers.

Threats

• Almohad counter-raids on Mora and the Teruel villages
• Friction with the self-governing council of Teruel

What the year holds

What happened next, if nothing in play changes it. Each event carries what it depends on and what would stop it.

1. 1200 (month not pinned)His tenure of Teruel ends in 1200 according to the tenentes lists (cause not known: death, transfer or loss of favour).Depends on: Unknown. Stopped by: Unknown.

Where the sources disagree

Evidence: Several dated charters (Miret i Sans), the Mora grant (Spanish Wikipedia) and Teruel's local historians cited by Nicolás-Minué.

On the map: Municipalities stand for the castle districts; Mora's district in 1200 was probably smaller and contested.

Primary sources for Aragon

Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.

• Annals of Toledo and other short Iberian annals (12th and 13th centuries; Anales Toledanos I to 1219). Florez's volume 23 gathers the short annals of the peninsula. Read online
• Latin Chronicle of the Kings of Castile, Anonymous, probably Juan of Osma, chancellor of Castile (about 1223 to 1239). The chancellor's chronicle of Alfonso VIII's reign, detailed from the 1190s. Read online
• The Wondrous Account of the History of al-Andalus and the Maghreb, Ibn Idhari al-Marrakushi (about 1312, at Marrakesh). The Almohad section is the fullest year-by-year narrative of the caliphate around 1200: the last campaigns and the death of Abu Yusuf Yaqub al-Mansur in January 1199, the accession of his son Muhammad al-Nasir, the renewed war of the Banu Ghaniya in Ifriqiya under Yahya ibn Ishaq and his ally Qaraqush, the Almohad losses of Mahdia and Tunis a few years later, and al-Nasir's reconquest of Ifriqiya in 1205 to 1206 followed by the appointment of Abd al-Wahid ibn Abi Hafs as governor. Read online
• Deeds of the Counts of Barcelona, Anonymous (monks of Santa Maria de Ripoll) (first version 1162 to 1184; continued in the later 13th century; final version 1303 to 1314). The house chronicle of the counts of Barcelona.
• History of the Affairs of Spain, Rodrigo Jimenez de Rada (completed 1243). The archbishop's history of the peninsula, written forty years on by a Navarrese who served Castile. Read online
• The Book of Examples: the History of the Berbers and of the Muslim Dynasties of North Africa, Ibn Khaldun (1375 to 1379 at Qal'at Ibn Salama and Tunis, revised until 1406). Ibn Khaldun's tribal histories are the standard account of the powers that Almohad chronicles treat as background: the Banu Hilal and Banu Sulaym in Ifriqiya and Tripolitania and their alliances with the Banu Ghaniya and Qaraqush; the Zenata of the central Maghreb (Banu Marin, Banu Abd al-Wad, Tujin, Maghrawa) before their rise; the Sanhaja and the veiled peoples of the Sahara; the Masmuda and the Almohad tribes. Read online
• The Pleasant Book: a Summary of the History of the Maghreb, Abd al-Wahid al-Marrakushi (completed in 1224, in the East, after the author left the Maghreb in 1217). Abd al-Wahid was a boy of fifteen at Fez and Marrakesh in 1200 and later moved in Almohad court circles, so his account of Yaqub al-Mansur (died January 1199) and of the first years of Muhammad al-Nasir is partly from memory and from men he knew: the character of the new caliph, the weakness that let the Banu Ghaniya overrun Ifriqiya, the Majorca expedition of 1203 and the Ifriqiya campaign of 1205 to 1206. Read online
• Official Letters of the Almohad Chancery (1140s to 1260s; the letters nearest 1200 are of the reigns of al-Mansur and al-Nasir). Circular letters from the caliphs to governors, tribes and towns announcing victories, appointments and policy, preserved in later manuscript collections.

7 more in the sources library for France and Iberia.