Gutkeled kindred

Who he is

Name

No member is on record between 1170 and 1215; the first dated members are Pelbart I (1216-1238), Apaj I (1229-1239) and Nicholas (1229-1241)

Title

Kindred (nemzetség) of free landholders

Since

not pinned

Born

not pinned

Family

Of Swabian descent by Simon of Kéza: the brothers Gut and Keled came from 'Stof' (taken for Staufen) in King Peter's reign (1038-1041). Counts Gut and Keled are on record in 1093 and 1111. Their later lines include the Báthory.

Confidence

low

Hungarian and English Wikipedia (Gutkeled nemzetség / Gutkeled (genus)).

Overlord

King Emeric.

What it holds

• Estates in the Nyírség (Szabolcs county): Nyírbátor, Nyíradony with a kin monastery, and others claimed in 1326 (not pinned for 1200).
• Gut near Székesfehérvár and estates in Zala (hut's area).

How it was acquired

Hereditary (Kézai's tradition of an eleventh-century arrival).

Allies and rivals

Not recorded for 1199-1200.

How things stand that morning

Holds Nyírség estates as its own; leaders and side not recorded.

Wealth

Woodland and pasture estates of the Nyírség.

Military

Retainers only.

Where the sources disagree

Evidence: Nothing is dated for the kindred between 1111 and 1216; the estates are known from much later records.

On the map: Projected from later records: treat as indicative.

Primary sources for Hungary

Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.

• Chronicle of Alberic of Trois-Fontaines, Alberic of Trois-Fontaines (about 1227 to 1241, at the Cistercian abbey of Trois-Fontaines in Champagne). The widest net of any Latin chronicle for 1200, compiled from dozens of sources, many now lost. Read online
• The Austrian and Salzburg annals (kept in the 12th and 13th centuries, with continuations to the late 13th century). A family of monastic annals from Austria, Styria and Salzburg, printed together. Read online
• The Hypatian Chronicle (the Kievan Chronicle compiled about 1200 at the Vydubichi monastery; the Galician-Volhynian Chronicle in the 13th century). The southern record. Read online
• History of the bishops of Salona and Split, by Thomas the Archdeacon, Thomas of Split (about 1266). Written two generations later by a Split churchman born about 1200. Read online
• History of the doges of Venice (about 1229, with a continuation). The earliest surviving Venetian narrative close to the events. Read online
• The Deeds of the Hungarians, by the Anonymous Notary of King Béla, Anonymus (P. magister) (about 1200 to 1210, the date disputed). Not a record of events but a picture of the kingdom's nobility and geography as a courtier of about 1200 wished to see it: the clans and their lands, the castles and counties, the Vlachs, Cumans and other peoples of the Carpathian basin, all projected back onto the conquest. Read online
• The Book of Census of the Roman Church, Cencius Camerarius (Cencio Savelli, later Pope Honorius III) (1192, with later additions). The papal rent roll: every church, monastery, town and kingdom that owed a census to Rome in 1192, diocese by diocese, with the sums, followed by lists of papal lands and castles, the ceremonial Ordo and copies of charters. Read online
• The Registers of Pope Innocent III for 1199 to 1201, Innocent III and the papal chancery (22 February 1199 to 21 February 1201). The pope's outgoing letters for the year, in his chancery's own copy, touching nearly every realm in the atlas. Read online

4 more in the sources library for Poland, Hungary and the Adriatic.