The Tibetan herding and farming tribes of the upland round He zhou and Tao zhou: Guanghe, Kangle and the Jishi hills east of the Yellow River's great bend.
They follow their own headmen, farm barley in the valleys, graze yak and sheep on the heights, sell horses and take tea and salt at the He zhou market, and are the people of the old Hehuang Tibetan chiefs who lost their realm to the Song and then the Jin. The Jin governs them through its prefects at He zhou, Tao zhou and Lintao and through chiefs it recognises as officers (not documented). The old Qingtang (Tsongkha) rulers of the Huangshui basin lost their land to the Song (annexed in 1116) and then to the Jin (occupied in 1134, when their last leader Zhao Huai'en fled to the Southern Song), and the Jin ceded the Kokonor area to the Xia in 1136 (Wikipedia, Tsongkha and Song-Tibet relations).
West of them lie the Tibetan chiefs of Kokonor and the Tsongkha country, written by the Tibet sheet.
Who holds it
- Title
- Tribal headmen of the Tibetan tribes of the Tao and Daxia valleys
- Since
- not pinned
- Confidence
- low
No source we could open names a chief of these tribes in the winter of 1199-1200; the Tsongkha and Song-Tibet articles describe the Tibetan chiefs of the Hehuang region only to the Jin conquest of the 1130s.
Overlord
The Jin, loosely, through the Lintao circuit commander at Lintao and the prefects of He zhou and Tao zhou
What it holds
- Tibetan tribes of Lintao and its counties (the Lintao circuit march)
Allies and rivals
Trade ties with He zhou; their western kin are the Tibetan chiefs of the Tibet sheet.
How things stand that morning
Under loose Jin supervision. The chiefs' names and loyalties that winter are not known; we know of no revolt.
Where the sources disagree
- The assignment asks for "Tibetan chiefs under the Jin at Lintao". No source we could open names them or fixes their loyalty; this record is the honest frame, not a roll.
Evidence: Seat and general extent follow the standard Jin administrative geography (Jinshi 24 to 26, Dili zhi). We could not open the Jinshi text in this session (the Chinese-language sites would not load), so which counties belonged to which prefecture is reasoned from the old units and the modern map and is indicative; no holder is dated for 1 January 1200.
On the map: Drawn from the modern counties of the Jishi, Dongxiang, Kangle and Guanghe uplands. Tibetan settlement ran further west and south into the Tibet sheet.
Sources and studies
- Jinshi (History of the Jin), juan 24 to 26, Dili zhi (geography); cited from the standard reference, the text itself could not be opened in this session
- Wikipedia, Tsongkha
- Wikipedia, Song-Tibet relations
Last revised 4 November 2026. Published 4 November 2026. Suggest a correction on the OMNIA Discord.