The hill tribes of the Min mountains round the upper Tao, Min and Wei rivers: Qiang and Tibetan clans who follow their own headmen, herd on the heights and farm the narrow valleys, and who meet the Jin at the fort towns of Min zhou and Tao zhou and the Song at the posts of Xihe and Cheng.
The Song called such tribes "Fan". Their ground continues south into the Sichuan and Tibet sheets.
Who holds it
- Title
- Clan headmen of the Minshan Qiang and Tibetans
- Since
- not pinned
- Confidence
- low
No source consulted dates the office-holder for the winter of 1199-1200.
Overlord
The Jin, loosely, from Min zhou and Tao zhou; the Song, loosely, from Xihe
What it holds
- Minshan hill tribes and its counties (the Lintao circuit march)
How things stand that morning
Self-governing hill clans under loose Jin supervision. No headman is named in a source we could read.
Where the sources disagree
- No board place covers the Qiang.
Evidence: Seat and general extent follow the standard Jin administrative geography (Jinshi 24 to 26, Dili zhi). We could not open the Jinshi text in this session (the Chinese-language sites would not load), so which counties belonged to which prefecture is reasoned from the old units and the modern map and is indicative; no holder is dated for 1 January 1200.
On the map: Drawn from the modern counties of Min and Zhang with the Min zhou town cut out; the Qiang ground runs south into the Sichuan and Tibet sheets.
Sources and studies
- Jinshi (History of the Jin), juan 24 to 26, Dili zhi (geography); cited from the standard reference, the text itself could not be opened in this session
- Wikipedia, Tsongkha
- Wikipedia, Song-Tibet relations
Last revised 4 November 2026. Published 4 November 2026. Suggest a correction on the OMNIA Discord.