Lincolnshire

Who holds it

Name

Gerard de Camville (with Hugh FitzRichard)

Title

Sheriff of Lincolnshire

Since

Restored by John in 1199 (to 1205)

Family

Husband of Nicola de la Haye (see Lincoln castle (Camville and Haye)).

Confidence

medium

Both Wikipedia articles give 1199 for the restoration; the list of sheriffs gives Robert de Tattershall for 1199 and Camville for 1200-05. Camville is taken as sheriff on 1 January 1200 (medium).

Overlord

King John (the Exchequer)

What it holds

• The farm of the shire
• Lincoln castle (custody with the hereditary constable)
• The forest of Kesteven
• The farms of Grimsby, Torksey and Stamford; Lincoln pays its own fee farm since 1194
• The sokes of Grantham, Kirton in Lindsey and Caistor (royal)

How it was acquired

A shire of the English kingdom since before the Conquest.

How things stand that morning

At peace. The old bishop, Hugh of Avalon, is building his new choir at Lincoln.

Wealth

Wool above all, shipped through Boston and Lincoln; Lincoln and Stamford cloth; salt of the Holland marshes; fish and fen produce; the Witham and the Fossdyke as the road from Boston to the Trent.

Military

The shire levy; Lincoln castle, held against Longchamp's siege in 1191.

Sheriff in 1200

Gerard de Camville, restored in 1199 (medium: Robert de Tattershall answered for 1199), keeper of Lincoln castle with his wife Nicola de la Haye.

Hundreds

Lindsey (North, West and South Ridings; wapentakes such as Aslacoe, Bradley, Calcewaith, Candleshoe, Corringham, Gartree, Haverstoe, Hill, Lawress, Louth Eske, Ludborough, Manley, Walshcroft, Well, Wraggoe and Yarborough, with the sokes of Bolingbroke and Horncastle). Kesteven (Aswardhurn, Aveland, Beltisloe, Boothby Graffoe, Flaxwell, Langoe, Loveden, Ness, Winnibriggs and Threo). Holland (Elloe, Kirton and Skirbeck).

Forests

The forest of Kesteven (most of Kesteven is under forest law).

Castles

Royal: Lincoln (Haye custody). The bishop's Sleaford (and Newark in Nottinghamshire); Folkingham (Gant), Bourne (Wake), Castle Bytham, and the slighted Mowbray castle of Axholme.

What the year holds

What happened next, if nothing in play changes it. Each event carries what it depends on and what would stop it.

1. 16 to 24 November 1200Hugh of Lincoln dies (16 November, in London); William the Lion does homage to John at Lincoln (22 November); Hugh is buried at Lincoln with both kings present.Depends on: natural death; William's journey Stopped by: a change in Hugh's health or a break with Scotland

Where the sources disagree

Evidence: Sheriff on 1 January 1200 medium.

On the map: Historic county outline, approximate; includes the Isle of Axholme.

Primary sources for England

Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.

• Chronicle of Jocelin of Brakelond, Jocelin of Brakelond (about 1198 to 1203). An inside account of Bury St Edmunds under Abbot Samson, written while the events were fresh. Read online
• Chronicle of Melrose, Anonymous (monks of Melrose abbey) (about 1173 to 1270, in many hands; the 1200 entries are near contemporary). The main Scottish annal for the year, kept at a Cistercian house on the Tweed. Read online
• Chronicle of Roger of Howden, Roger of Howden (about 1192 to 1201). The fullest single narrative for the year. Read online
• Chronicle of the Princes, Anonymous (Welsh translation of a lost Latin chronicle kept at Strata Florida) (Latin original to about 1282, compiled from contemporary annals; Welsh versions about 1300 and later). The native Welsh record of the year. Read online
• Chronicle; Deeds of the Kings, Gervase of Canterbury (Chronica about 1188 to 1199; Gesta Regum about 1199 to 1210). The Chronica stops in 1199, so for 1200 the witness is the briefer Gesta Regum, which notes John's peace with Philip, the coronation of Isabella at Westminster on 8 October 1200, and matters touching Canterbury: the archbishop Hubert Walter as chancellor, the cathedral priory's quarrel with him, and the Lambeth college dispute lately settled by the pope. Read online
• English Chronicle of Ralph of Coggeshall, Ralph of Coggeshall (about 1200 to 1224, in stages). Short but independent entries for 1200 from a Cistercian house in Essex: John's levy on the Cistercians and the carucage, the peace with Philip, the king's new marriage and the queen's coronation, and the death of Hugh of Lincoln. Read online
• Flowers of History, Roger of Wendover (about 1220 to 1235 at St Albans). For 1200 Wendover is mostly Howden rewritten, so he is a second witness only where he adds St Albans material: a long account of Hugh of Lincoln's last months, death and funeral, and anecdotes about John's conduct toward the Cistercians and his new queen. Read online
• Images of History, Ralph de Diceto (about 1188 to 1202). A London view of the year from the dean of St Paul's, who knew the justiciar and the bishops personally. Read online

22 more in the sources library for The British Isles.