The north arm of Sulawesi from the Tomini coast to the Sulawesi Sea: the Gorontalo bay and Limboto lake plain, the Paguyaman and Sumalata diggings (the campaign board's gold), and the highland plateau of Bolaang Mongondow.
The polities of Gorontalo and Limboto and the later kingdom of Bolaang Mongondow are attested only from much later and are not shown for 1200.
Who holds it
- Title
- No overall chief shown for 1200: village chiefs
- Since
- not pinned
- Born
- not known
- Family
- not known
- Confidence
- low
Nothing is written about the rulers or headmen of this country for 1200. The structure is read from geography and from ethnography of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
What it holds
- The lake plain and the bay
- The gold roads
- The highland plateau
Allies and rivals
The Gorontalo chiefs (Gorontalo chiefs).
How things stand that morning
Not described for 1200; the villages are presumed to be farming, fishing and selling what the rivers and forests give.
Wealth
Gold, rice, forest goods; no figures.
Military
Not known; boats, spears, shields and blowpipes in the later record. No numbers.
Threats
- Feuds and raiding between villages
- Flood, drought or fire
- A change in the trade that comes by sea
Places of note
- Gorontalo: Bay coast town.
- Limboto: Lake plain town.
Where the sources disagree
- The ethnic names used here (Dayak, Kayan, Kenyah, Iban, Ngaju, Banjar and the rest) are later outsiders' or ethnographic names; the ethnic map of 1200 is not known and differs from the modern one.
Evidence: Geography and later ethnography only; no text of the period describes this country.
On the map: A rough outline of the people's country; the real extent of any village group in 1200 is not known, and nothing here is a border.
Sources and studies
- Background knowledge of Southeast Asian history (Wolters; Hall; Bellwood; Scott; Junker; Reid), recalled and not re-read in this pass
- The OMNIA board (September 2026) note for this place: a lead only, not a source
- The isa regional brief (ISA_BRIEF.md) and assignment ise.txt
Last revised 4 November 2026. Published 4 November 2026. Suggest a correction on the OMNIA Discord.