The south-west peninsula of Sulawesi: the plains and coasts of Bone, Wajo, Soppeng, Sidenreng, Maros, Gowa, Takalar, Bantaeng and Bulukumba, with the long island of Selayar off its tip.
Gowa, Talloq, Bone and Wajo are later (the brief: Gowa, Bone and Wajo are later; Gowa and Talloq are fourteenth century and later by the campaign board), and the La Galigo epic is undated oral tradition. 'Makasar' and 'Bantayan' (Bantaeng) are names in the Nagarakretagama of 1365. For 1200 the shore holds landings, villages of rice and boat people, and no state that any source shows.
Who holds it
- Title
- No overall chief shown: village and harbour chiefs
- Since
- not pinned
- Born
- not known
- Family
- not known
- Confidence
- low
Nothing is written about the rulers or headmen of this country for 1200. The structure is read from geography and from ethnography of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
What it holds
- The coast landings
- Rice plains of the interior
- The Jeneberang roads
- Selayar and the Flores Sea road
Allies and rivals
The Jeneberang roads town (Jeneberang roads) and the Selayar chiefs (Selayar chiefs).
How things stand that morning
Not described for 1200; the villages are presumed to be farming, fishing and selling what the rivers and forests give.
Wealth
Rice, salt, iron by trade from Luwu; no figures.
Military
Not known; boats, spears, shields and blowpipes in the later record. No numbers.
Threats
- Feuds and raiding between villages
- Flood, drought or fire
- A change in the trade that comes by sea
Places of note
- Jeneberang mouth: The anchorage that later becomes Makassar.
- Takalar: South coast (a later name).
- Bantaeng: The 'Bantayan' of 1365 (a later name).
- Bulukumba: South-east tip (a later name).
Where the sources disagree
- The ethnic names used here (Dayak, Kayan, Kenyah, Iban, Ngaju, Banjar and the rest) are later outsiders' or ethnographic names; the ethnic map of 1200 is not known and differs from the modern one.
- The Kepulauan Selayar unit includes small islands far south in the Flores Sea (to about 7.4 S); they are shown with the island.
Evidence: Geography and later ethnography only; no text of the period describes this country.
On the map: A rough outline of the people's country; the real extent of any village group in 1200 is not known, and nothing here is a border.
Sources and studies
- Background knowledge of Southeast Asian history (Wolters; Hall; Bellwood; Scott; Junker; Reid), recalled and not re-read in this pass
- The OMNIA board (September 2026) note for this place: a lead only, not a source
- Wikipedia, 'Nagarakretagama' (read in this pass): the cantos 13 and 14 lists of Borneo and the eastern islands, written 1365
- The isa regional brief (ISA_BRIEF.md) and assignment ise.txt
Last revised 4 November 2026. Published 4 November 2026. Suggest a correction on the OMNIA Discord.