The royal borough at the bridge over the Tyne, under Henry II's New Castle: the port of Northumberland, whose old customs (the laws of Newcastle) served as a model for Scottish burghs.
Who holds it
- Name
- King John
- Title
- The king
- Since
- 1199
- Confidence
- high
Lord in 1200
The king; the castle kept by the sheriff of Northumberland.
How things stand that morning
Royal, quiet.
Threats
- The Scottish claim to Northumberland
Charter
The customs of Newcastle from Henry I's time; Henry II's charter (1154-89). John's three charters of 1201, the fee farm of 1213 and the gild of 1216 are not yet (Ballard).
Council
Reeves under the king; the burgesses answer through the sheriff.
Communities
Merchants of the North Sea.
Fairs and markets
Markets (not pinned).
Militia
The burgesses; the castle garrison.
Walls and castle
Henry II's stone keep (1172-77) and bailey; the town walls are later.
Trade and crafts
Wool, hides and grain shipped down the Tyne; salt; fishing.
What the year holds
What happened next, if nothing in play changes it. Each event carries what it depends on and what would stop it.
- 1201 (after 1200)John's charters to Newcastle (Ballard).Depends on: A payment Stopped by: Nothing likely
Where the sources disagree
Evidence: Ballard.
Primary sources for England
Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.
- Chronicle of Jocelin of Brakelond, Jocelin of Brakelond (about 1198 to 1203). An inside account of Bury St Edmunds under Abbot Samson, written while the events were fresh. Read online
- Chronicle of Melrose, Anonymous (monks of Melrose abbey) (about 1173 to 1270, in many hands; the 1200 entries are near contemporary). The main Scottish annal for the year, kept at a Cistercian house on the Tweed. Read online
- Chronicle of Roger of Howden, Roger of Howden (about 1192 to 1201). The fullest single narrative for the year. Read online
- Chronicle of the Princes, Anonymous (Welsh translation of a lost Latin chronicle kept at Strata Florida) (Latin original to about 1282, compiled from contemporary annals; Welsh versions about 1300 and later). The native Welsh record of the year. Read online
- Chronicle; Deeds of the Kings, Gervase of Canterbury (Chronica about 1188 to 1199; Gesta Regum about 1199 to 1210). The Chronica stops in 1199, so for 1200 the witness is the briefer Gesta Regum, which notes John's peace with Philip, the coronation of Isabella at Westminster on 8 October 1200, and matters touching Canterbury: the archbishop Hubert Walter as chancellor, the cathedral priory's quarrel with him, and the Lambeth college dispute lately settled by the pope. Read online
- English Chronicle of Ralph of Coggeshall, Ralph of Coggeshall (about 1200 to 1224, in stages). Short but independent entries for 1200 from a Cistercian house in Essex: John's levy on the Cistercians and the carucage, the peace with Philip, the king's new marriage and the queen's coronation, and the death of Hugh of Lincoln. Read online
- Flowers of History, Roger of Wendover (about 1220 to 1235 at St Albans). For 1200 Wendover is mostly Howden rewritten, so he is a second witness only where he adds St Albans material: a long account of Hugh of Lincoln's last months, death and funeral, and anecdotes about John's conduct toward the Cistercians and his new queen. Read online
- Images of History, Ralph de Diceto (about 1188 to 1202). A London view of the year from the dean of St Paul's, who knew the justiciar and the bishops personally. Read online
22 more in the sources library for The British Isles.
Sources and studies
Last revised 4 November 2026. Published 4 November 2026. Suggest a correction on the OMNIA Discord.