Behind the Barito and Martapura mouths lie the inland waterways of the Negara and Amuntai country, where the later Banjar chronicle (the Hikayat Banjar, a seventeenth-century text) puts an older kingdom called Negara Dipa around the brick platform of Candi Agung at Amuntai.
The archaeology there is usually dated to the fourteenth century (board), which makes an occupation in 1200 possible and unproved; other dates have been argued locally (unchecked). Nothing in a Chinese, Javanese or inscriptional source names a kingdom here for 1200, so this record shows a river country of rice and swamp villages, not a state.
Who holds it
- Title
- Headmen of the place (no one named)
- Since
- not pinned
- Born
- not known
- Family
- not known
- Confidence
- low
No source names anyone who holds this place for 1200.
Lord in 1200
No ruler is named for 1200. The rulers of the Hikayat Banjar (Ampu Jatmaka and later) are legend of a later date.
What the town holds
- Swamp rice land and river passage
Allies and rivals
Nothing is recorded; neighbours are the villages and ports along the same coast.
How things stand that morning
Not described for 1200.
Wealth
Rice and swamp products; the diamond and gold roads to the Barito mouth (inference).
Threats
- A poor monsoon or a failed season
- Raiders from the next coast
Council
No council or court is recorded; headmen and elders decide (inference).
Fairs and markets
Not known; the trade follows the monsoons.
Militia
Not known. No numbers.
Walls and castle
No wall or fort is recorded.
Trade and crafts
Rice and swamp products; the diamond and gold roads to the Barito mouth (inference).
Places of note
- Candi Agung (Amuntai): Brick platform of the later chronicle; dated to the fourteenth century by the usual reading.
- Amuntai: Modern town on the Negara river system.
- Kandangan: Modern town of the upper river country.
Where the sources disagree
- The campaign board entry id negara-amuntai: kept as 'contested' in the sense of unproved. The sultanate of Banjar (sixteenth century) is not read back.
- The campaign board dates Candi Agung to the fourteenth century; we could not check the radiocarbon readings.
Evidence: A seventeenth-century chronicle, an undated brick platform and the geography. The campaign board marks it 'contested'.
"The campaign board" is OMNIA's working map. These notes record where its earlier claims were checked against the sources.
On the map: A river country drawn as seeded blocks; no boundary is known.
Sources and studies
- The OMNIA board (September 2026) note for this place: a lead only, not a source
- Background knowledge of Southeast Asian history (Wolters; Hall; Bellwood; Scott; Junker; Reid), recalled and not re-read in this pass
Last revised 4 November 2026. Published 4 November 2026. Suggest a correction on the OMNIA Discord.