Manbij

Who holds it

Name

al-Mansur Muhammad (governor not pinned)

Title

Prince of Hama

Since

1191

Confidence

high

Abu'l-Fida, RHC Or. I, pp. 147, 152, 159.

Lord in 1200

Al-Mansur Muhammad of Hama; his governor is not named.

How things stand that morning

Hama's on 1 January 1200, far from al-Mansur's other lands.

Charter

No charter: Muslim towns of Ayyubid Syria had no communal charters. The prince's governor, the qadi and the market inspector (muhtasib) govern, and the notables (a'yan) speak for the townsmen.

Council

No town council; the notables, the qadi and the governor deal with the prince.

Communities

Muslim townsmen; Christians; Bedouin and Turkmen of the steppe.

Fairs and markets

No fairs in the Latin sense; trade runs through the daily markets (suqs) and the caravan seasons. No market days are recorded for 1200.

Militia

No recorded town militia in 1200; the garrison is the prince's or the castle-holder's.

Walls and castle

Town walls and a citadel (al-Zahir dismantles the citadel in 1201-1202, later).

Trade and crafts

The Aleppo-Euphrates caravan road; grain and the steppe trade.

What the year holds

What happened next, if nothing in play changes it. Each event carries what it depends on and what would stop it.

1. After 9 February 1200 (not pinned)Passed by al-Mansur to Izz al-Din ibn al-Muqaddam in exchange for Barin.Depends on: Al-Adil's ruling on Barin Stopped by: Al-Adil's defeat or a different settlement
2. 597 AH (October 1200 to September 1201)Besieged and taken by al-Zahir from Shams al-Din ibn al-Muqaddam.Depends on: Izz al-Din's death and al-Zahir's breach with al-Adil Stopped by: Peace

Where the sources disagree

• The assignment lists Manbij as an Aleppan dependency; on 1 January 1200 it is Hama's (Abu'l-Fida).

Evidence: Holder securely dated by Abu'l-Fida.

Primary sources for Hama

Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.

• The Book of the Two Gardens, on the Reigns of Nur al-Din and Saladin, and its Sequel, Abu Shama (Shihab al-Din Abd al-Rahman al-Maqdisi) (about 1240 to 1267, at Damascus). The Rawdatayn ends with Saladin's death in 1193 and matters for 1200 as the store of Imad al-Din al-Isfahani's lost al-Barq al-Shami and of al-Qadi al-Fadil's letters, quoted at length, which describe the Ayyubid princes, the Jazira and the frontier a few years earlier. Read online
• The Complete History, Izz al-Din Ibn al-Athir (about 1200 to 1231, at Mosul). The widest Muslim narrative for the years 596 to 597 AH (1199 to 1201): al-Adil's entry into Cairo and his taking of the sultanate from his nephew al-Mansur Muhammad early in 1200, the quarrels of the Ayyubid princes at Damascus, Aleppo and Hama, the Nile failure and the great famine of Egypt, Mosul under Nur al-Din Arslan Shah and the Jazira under Gokbori and the Artuqids, Baghdad under the caliph al-Nasir, the Khwarazmshah Tekish's death in 1200 and Muhammad's accession, the Ghurid wars in Khurasan, the Eldiguzids and Georgia, the Almohads in the west, and the Seljuks of Rum in passing. Read online
• The Cream of the History of Aleppo, Kamal al-Din Ibn al-Adim (about 1240 to 1260). The annals of Aleppo. Read online
• The Dispeller of Anxieties, on the History of the Ayyubids, Jamal al-Din Ibn Wasil (about 1272 to 1285, at Hama). The fullest Ayyubid dynastic history, written at Hama with access to the family's own tradition and to Ibn al-Athir, Ibn Abi Tayy and Sibt ibn al-Jawzi. Read online
• The Eloquent Exposition of the Conquest of Jerusalem, Imad al-Din al-Isfahani (al-Katib) (about 1192 to 1193). Saladin's secretary's ornate account of the conquest of Jerusalem and the Third Crusade, ending with Saladin's death in 1193. Read online
• The Rare and Excellent History of Saladin, Baha al-Din Ibn Shaddad (after 1193, probably between about 1198 and 1228, at Aleppo). Ends with Saladin's death in March 1193 and so gives no event of 1200, but it is the formative portrait of the Ayyubid house of 1200: al-Adil, al-Afdal, al-Aziz and al-Zahir Ghazi as Saladin's lieutenants, the Mosul and Jazira campaigns, the war of Acre and the treaty of Jaffa of 1192. Read online