Hamburg

Who holds it

Name

Archbishop Hartwig II (old town round St Mary's cathedral) and Count Adolf III (new town)

Title

lords of the two towns

Since

new town founded 1188

Confidence

medium

Lord in 1200

Two lords: the archbishop of Hamburg-Bremen is lord of the old town round the cathedral, with the count of Holstein as its advocate (not pinned in detail); Count Adolf III is lord of the new town he founded in 1188 beside his Neue Burg.

How things stand that morning

Under Adolf III and the archbishop; backs Philip through its lords.

Charter

Count's foundation of 1188 (Lübeck law); the Barbarossa privilege of 7 May 1189 is a later forgery, possibly built on a real grant.

Council

de.wikipedia says the old and new towns chose a council of leading men in 1190, during the count's absence on crusade, and dates two town halls to 1200 (month not pinned). Treat as fair.

Communities

Flemish and Frisian settlers in the new town; the cathedral clergy in the old.

Militia

Not pinned; the burghers will fight beside the princes at Bornhöved in 1227.

Walls and castle

The count's Neue Burg site (filled to a 6 m wall height for the new town); the cathedral precinct.

Trade and crafts

Elbe and North Sea shipping, the overland route to Lübeck and the Baltic, Flemish and Frisian settlers; the Alster mill.

What the year holds

What happened next, if nothing in play changes it. Each event carries what it depends on and what would stop it.

1. 1201 (after this year)Duke Valdemar takes Hamburg and captures Adolf III there.Depends on: Danish victory at Stellau Stopped by: Adolf III winning or avoiding the battle of Stellau, or relief from Philip's Saxon allies

Where the sources disagree

• de.wikipedia's 1190 council and 1200 town halls are popular dates; not checked against charters.

Evidence: de.wikipedia Geschichte Hamburgs.

Primary sources for Holstein

Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.

• Annals of Stade, by Albert of Stade, Albert of Stade (about 1240 to 1256). A world chronicle written at Stade in the 1240s from older Stade and Bremen annals. Read online
• Chronicle of the Slavs, by Arnold of Lübeck, Arnold of Lübeck (about 1209 to 1210). Arnold continues Helmold and writes from Lübeck, close to Danish, Welf and Baltic affairs. Read online
• Chronicle of the Slavs, by Helmold of Bosau, Helmold of Bosau (about 1167 to 1172). Background only. Read online
• The Danish annals of Lund, Ryd and other houses (12th and 13th centuries; Lund continued to 1307, Ryd to 1288). Short dated entries from Lund, the archbishop's seat, and from Ryd in Schleswig. Read online
• Deeds of the Danes, Saxo Grammaticus (about 1185 to 1208). Saxo was writing at Lund in 1200 under Absalon, who died in March 1201, and his last books are an insider's history of Valdemar I and Knud VI to 1185: the Wendish wars, the taking of Rügen, the submission of Pomerania in 1185, the Danish fleet, Absalon's power and the Danish quarrel with the Empire. Read online
• Charter books of Lübeck and of Hamburg (documents to 1226 (Lübeck vol. 1) and to 1300 (Hamburg vol. 1)). The charters of the two north German towns and of the archbishops of Bremen and Hamburg. Read online
• The Danish diplomatarium: charters and letters concerning Denmark, with Danish translation (documents of 789 to 1448; the online edition is continuing). Twenty-seven documents are dated to 1200: Innocent III's letters of February and March 1200 to Philip Augustus and Queen Ingeborg and his order for the interdict on France, Otto IV's letter to the pope expecting King Knud VI to move into Saxony, the reports of the legate Octavian and the French bishops on the lifting of the interdict in September, the pope's letters to Knud VI asking him to send advocates for his sister, Knud VI's ordinance on manslaughter for Skåne of 28 December 1200, and private gifts to Roskilde and Næstved. Read online