Long Crendon (Marshal)

Who he is

Name

William Marshal

Title

Earl of Pembroke (girded 27 May 1199); lord of half the Giffard honour in right of his wife Isabel de Clare

Since

The Giffard inheritance was divided between Richard de Clare and Isabel de Clare in 1189; Marshal married Isabel in August 1189

Born

About 1146

Family

Married Isabel de Clare, heiress of Strongbow (Pembroke, Striguil, Leinster) and co-heiress of the Giffards. Their eldest son William is born about 1190.

Confidence

medium

His Welsh and Irish lordships are in the wal and irl records; this record covers the Buckinghamshire caput of the Giffard half.

Overlord

King John

What it holds

• Long Crendon (the Giffard caput)
• The patronage of Notley abbey (Augustinian, founded by Walter Giffard about 1160)
• Other Giffard manors in Buckinghamshire (not drawn)

How it was acquired

Through Isabel de Clare: like Richard de Clare she descends from Rohese Giffard, wife of Richard FitzGilbert, and Richard I divided the escheated Giffard lands between them in 1189.

Allies and rivals

The king's loyal earl; Richard de Clare holds the other Giffard half.

How things stand that morning

Held by Marshal's officers; Marshal himself is with John in Normandy (not pinned).

Wealth

Vale of Aylesbury manors.

Military

No castle of note at Crendon.

Threats

• None

Places of note

• Notley abbey: Giffard foundation

Where the sources disagree

Evidence: The division of the Giffard honour in 1189 is well known; the Crendon caput is medium confidence.

On the map: Caput only.

Primary sources for England

Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.

• Chronicle of Jocelin of Brakelond, Jocelin of Brakelond (about 1198 to 1203). An inside account of Bury St Edmunds under Abbot Samson, written while the events were fresh. Read online
• Chronicle of Melrose, Anonymous (monks of Melrose abbey) (about 1173 to 1270, in many hands; the 1200 entries are near contemporary). The main Scottish annal for the year, kept at a Cistercian house on the Tweed. Read online
• Chronicle of Roger of Howden, Roger of Howden (about 1192 to 1201). The fullest single narrative for the year. Read online
• Chronicle of the Princes, Anonymous (Welsh translation of a lost Latin chronicle kept at Strata Florida) (Latin original to about 1282, compiled from contemporary annals; Welsh versions about 1300 and later). The native Welsh record of the year. Read online
• Chronicle; Deeds of the Kings, Gervase of Canterbury (Chronica about 1188 to 1199; Gesta Regum about 1199 to 1210). The Chronica stops in 1199, so for 1200 the witness is the briefer Gesta Regum, which notes John's peace with Philip, the coronation of Isabella at Westminster on 8 October 1200, and matters touching Canterbury: the archbishop Hubert Walter as chancellor, the cathedral priory's quarrel with him, and the Lambeth college dispute lately settled by the pope. Read online
• English Chronicle of Ralph of Coggeshall, Ralph of Coggeshall (about 1200 to 1224, in stages). Short but independent entries for 1200 from a Cistercian house in Essex: John's levy on the Cistercians and the carucage, the peace with Philip, the king's new marriage and the queen's coronation, and the death of Hugh of Lincoln. Read online
• Flowers of History, Roger of Wendover (about 1220 to 1235 at St Albans). For 1200 Wendover is mostly Howden rewritten, so he is a second witness only where he adds St Albans material: a long account of Hugh of Lincoln's last months, death and funeral, and anecdotes about John's conduct toward the Cistercians and his new queen. Read online
• Images of History, Ralph de Diceto (about 1188 to 1202). A London view of the year from the dean of St Paul's, who knew the justiciar and the bishops personally. Read online

22 more in the sources library for The British Isles.