Jagadeva

Who he is

Name

Jagadeva, son of Jassaka

Title

King (raja) of Kashmir

Since

1198 or 1199 (Jonaraja; month not pinned)

Born

not pinned

Family

Line of Vuppadeva (from 1171-72)

Confidence

medium

Jonaraja's Rajatarangini through Wikipedia's list of monarchs (accession 1199); reigns until about 1212-13.

What it holds

• The Vale of Kashmir with Srinagar
• The gates of the Vale (Baramula, the Pir Panjal passes)

How it was acquired

Succession on his father's death (1198 or 1199).

Allies and rivals

Rivals among the damaras and ministers (names not pinned for 1200).

How things stand that morning

King in the Vale; if his accession fell in 1199 after January, his father would be the king on 1 January 1200 (not pinned, low likelihood either way).

Wealth

Rice, saffron, fruit, wool, the trade of the passes.

Military

The mountain gates. No numbers.

Threats

• The damaras.
• The ministers.

Where the sources disagree

Evidence: One chronicle.

On the map: The Vale only.

Primary sources for Kashmir

Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.

• The River of Kings, with Jonaraja's continuation, Kalhana; continued by Jonaraja (Kalhana 1148 to 1150; Jonaraja about 1459). Kalhana's chronicle stops in 1149, so for 1200 the witness is Jonaraja, writing three centuries later and very briefly. Read online
• The Nasirid Generations: a General History of the Muslim Dynasties, Minhaj-i Siraj Juzjani (1259 to 1260, at Delhi). The Ghurid court's own history, by a man born in 1193 whose family served the sultans of Ghur and Ghazna. Read online
• History of Buddhism in India and Tibet, Buton Rinchen Drub (Bu ston Rin chen grub) (1322). Optional background. Read online
• The Blue Annals, Go Lotsawa Zhonnu Pal ('Gos lo tsa ba gZhon nu dpal) (1476 to 1478). The fullest Tibetan account of who mattered around 1200, written three centuries later from earlier biographies and lineage records, many now lost. Read online
• The Nasirean Generations (a general history of the Muslim dynasties), Minhaj-i Siraj Juzjani (completed 1260 at Delhi). The fullest narrative of the Ghurid conquest of northern India. Read online
• Indo-Tibetica (the temples and inscriptions of western Tibet), with the Royal Genealogy of Ngari, Giuseppe Tucci (editor and translator); the genealogy by Ngawang Drakpa (Ngag dbang grags pa) (the inscriptions and temple records of the 11th to 15th centuries; Indo-Tibetica published 1932 to 1941; the genealogy about 1497). Guge, Purang and Ladakh in 1200 are among the least documented kingdoms in the atlas. Read online