Cardinham

Who he is

Name

Robert de Cardinan (died about 1230)

Title

Lord of Cardinham

Since

By 1194, when he is recorded as heir of Robert FitzWilliam

Born

Not pinned

Family

Of the family of Robert FitzWilliam (died about 1169-77), who held the lands of Richard FitzTurold; his son and heir is Andrew de Cardinan

Confidence

medium

Recorded in 1194; the 1194 scutage exemption covered some 71 knights' fees of the honour held of the successor of the count of Mortain.

Overlord

The earldom of Cornwall, now in the king's hand

What it holds

• Cardinham castle
• Restormel castle and the new borough of Lostwithiel (its first charter is attributed to Robert de Cardinan; date not pinned)
• About seventy knights' fees (1194)

How it was acquired

Inherited from Richard FitzTurold's line.

Allies and rivals

Tywardreath Priory and Bodmin Priory; the tinners of Foweymore.

How things stand that morning

Held by Robert de Cardinan.

Wealth

The Fowey river trade, moorland pasture, tin. No figures.

Military

Cardinham and Restormel castles; the honour's knights.

Threats

• A new earl of Cornwall would become their lord

Places of note

• Restormel castle: River castle above Lostwithiel

Where the sources disagree

Evidence: From the feudal barony page; Restormel and Lostwithiel from the general history of the borough.

On the map: Only the caput district is drawn.

Primary sources for England

Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.

• Chronicle of Jocelin of Brakelond, Jocelin of Brakelond (about 1198 to 1203). An inside account of Bury St Edmunds under Abbot Samson, written while the events were fresh. Read online
• Chronicle of Melrose, Anonymous (monks of Melrose abbey) (about 1173 to 1270, in many hands; the 1200 entries are near contemporary). The main Scottish annal for the year, kept at a Cistercian house on the Tweed. Read online
• Chronicle of Roger of Howden, Roger of Howden (about 1192 to 1201). The fullest single narrative for the year. Read online
• Chronicle of the Princes, Anonymous (Welsh translation of a lost Latin chronicle kept at Strata Florida) (Latin original to about 1282, compiled from contemporary annals; Welsh versions about 1300 and later). The native Welsh record of the year. Read online
• Chronicle; Deeds of the Kings, Gervase of Canterbury (Chronica about 1188 to 1199; Gesta Regum about 1199 to 1210). The Chronica stops in 1199, so for 1200 the witness is the briefer Gesta Regum, which notes John's peace with Philip, the coronation of Isabella at Westminster on 8 October 1200, and matters touching Canterbury: the archbishop Hubert Walter as chancellor, the cathedral priory's quarrel with him, and the Lambeth college dispute lately settled by the pope. Read online
• English Chronicle of Ralph of Coggeshall, Ralph of Coggeshall (about 1200 to 1224, in stages). Short but independent entries for 1200 from a Cistercian house in Essex: John's levy on the Cistercians and the carucage, the peace with Philip, the king's new marriage and the queen's coronation, and the death of Hugh of Lincoln. Read online
• Flowers of History, Roger of Wendover (about 1220 to 1235 at St Albans). For 1200 Wendover is mostly Howden rewritten, so he is a second witness only where he adds St Albans material: a long account of Hugh of Lincoln's last months, death and funeral, and anecdotes about John's conduct toward the Cistercians and his new queen. Read online
• Images of History, Ralph de Diceto (about 1188 to 1202). A London view of the year from the dean of St Paul's, who knew the justiciar and the bishops personally. Read online

22 more in the sources library for The British Isles.