Mandar coast

Who holds it

Title

No overall chief shown: village and harbour chiefs

Since

not pinned

Born

not known

Family

not known

Confidence

low

Nothing is written about the rulers or headmen of this country for 1200. The structure is read from geography and from ethnography of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

What it holds

• The coast landings
• The river valleys running into the highlands

Allies and rivals

Each village group deals with its neighbours by marriage, trade, feud and raid; nothing above them is shown.

How things stand that morning

Not described for 1200; the villages are presumed to be farming, fishing and selling what the rivers and forests give.

Wealth

Forest goods, rice, boats (later); no figures.

Military

Not known; boats, spears, shields and blowpipes in the later record. No numbers.

Threats

• Feuds and raiding between villages
• Flood, drought or fire
• A change in the trade that comes by sea

Places of note

• Makassar (strait, south end): Southern end of the coast (a later city).

Where the sources disagree

• The ethnic names used here (Dayak, Kayan, Kenyah, Iban, Ngaju, Banjar and the rest) are later outsiders' or ethnographic names; the ethnic map of 1200 is not known and differs from the modern one.
• No board place stands here; the outline closes the map's gap between the Toraja highlands and the Kaili coast.

Evidence: Geography only; no text of any date describes this coast for 1200.

On the map: A rough outline of the people's country; the real extent of any village group in 1200 is not known, and nothing here is a border.