Luwu and Matano

Who holds it

Title

No overall chief shown for 1200; the Luwu tradition's datu and the smiths and ore carriers of the lakes

Since

not pinned

Born

not known

Family

not known

Confidence

low

Nothing is written about the rulers or headmen of this country for 1200. The structure is read from geography and from ethnography of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

What it holds

• The iron road from the lakes to the sea
• The coast landings at Cerekang, Malili and Wotu
• The lakeshore villages

Allies and rivals

The Luwu datu (Luwu datu (tradition)) and the Matano smiths (Matano smiths).

How things stand that morning

Not described for 1200; the villages are presumed to be farming, fishing and selling what the rivers and forests give.

Wealth

Iron bloom and bar, salt, cloth and pots; no figures.

Military

Not known; boats, spears, shields and blowpipes in the later record. No numbers.

Threats

• Feuds and raiding between villages
• Flood, drought or fire
• A change in the trade that comes by sea

Places of note

• Cerekang: Named in the Luwu tradition.
• Malili: Sea end of the iron road.
• Nuha: Smelting debris on the Matano shore.
• Palopo: Gulf coast town (a later name).

Where the sources disagree

• The ethnic names used here (Dayak, Kayan, Kenyah, Iban, Ngaju, Banjar and the rest) are later outsiders' or ethnographic names; the ethnic map of 1200 is not known and differs from the modern one.
• Luwu's documented centre at Malangke is of the fourteenth century (the brief); nothing between the eleventh and fourteenth centuries is documented (board).

Evidence: Geography and later ethnography only; no text of the period describes this country.

On the map: A rough outline of the people's country; the real extent of any village group in 1200 is not known, and nothing here is a border.