The river peoples below Jiamusi: fishers of salmon and sturgeon, hunters of sable and tiger, falcon-catchers.
The Chinese call the nearer groups the Five Nations (Wuguo) and the rest 'wild' Jurchens; the ancestors of the Nanai (Hezhe) are among them, though the name is later. They pay the Jin furs and falcons through the Hulihai route when pressed.
Who holds it
- Title
- Village and clan headmen (the Jurchen bojile or beile); no chief named
- Since
- not pinned
- Born
- not known
- Confidence
- low
None named for 1200.
How things stand that morning
Quiet; nothing recorded for the winter of 1199-1200 in what we could read.
Where the sources disagree
Evidence: Thin: Chinese tribute lists, later gazetteers and archaeology.
On the map: Rough outline; Jin prefecture boundaries are not fixed on any map we could use.
Primary sources for Amur and Ussuri peoples
Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.
- History of the Jin, Toqto'a (脫脫) and the Yuan history office, with Ouyang Xuan among the chief compilers (1343 to 1344, from the Jin veritable records and the Jin national history). The official history of the Jurchen empire that ruled north China and Manchuria in 1200. Read online
Sources and studies
- Wikipedia: Jurchen people (read this session)
- Wikipedia: Jin dynasty (1115-1234) (read this session)
- Russian archaeology of the Jurchen fortresses of Primorye (Shaiga, Nikolaevskoye, Krasnoyarovskoye; E. V. Shavkunov, N. G. Artemyeva): from memory, ru.wikipedia pages were blocked this session
Last revised 4 November 2026. Published 4 November 2026. Suggest a correction on the OMNIA Discord.