The chief named fort of the lower Dniester (the Ponyzia) in the 12th century: named in 1144 and in 1159, when Ivan Berladnik besieged it with Cuman help and the peasants (smerdy) ran over to him.
Who holds it
- Name
- Roman Mstislavich, prince of Vladimir and Galich
- Title
- Prince of Galich (through a governor)
- Since
- 1199
- Confidence
- low
Lord in 1200
Roman Mstislavich, through a governor not named.
How things stand that morning
Galician frontier fort facing the Cuman steppe; no raid recorded for 1199-1200.
Charter
No written charter: towns of Rus' held no chartered privileges in 1200; the townsmen acted through their assembly (veche) and their elders.
Fairs and markets
None recorded.
Militia
Garrison; no figures.
Walls and castle
Earth-and-timber fort at the mouth of the Ushytsia.
Trade and crafts
Dniester river traffic; the steppe edge.
Where the sources disagree
Evidence: Named 1144 and 1159.
Primary sources for Roman's Galicia and Volhynia
Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.
- The Hypatian Chronicle (the Kievan Chronicle compiled about 1200 at the Vydubichi monastery; the Galician-Volhynian Chronicle in the 13th century). The southern record. Read online
- Chronicle of the Poles, by Master Vincent (Wincenty Kadłubek), Wincenty Kadłubek (about 1190 to 1208). Book 4 is a contemporary's account of the fight for the senior throne of Kraków. Read online
- The Deeds of the Hungarians, by the Anonymous Notary of King Béla, Anonymus (P. magister) (about 1200 to 1210, the date disputed). Not a record of events but a picture of the kingdom's nobility and geography as a courtier of about 1200 wished to see it: the clans and their lands, the castles and counties, the Vlachs, Cumans and other peoples of the Carpathian basin, all projected back onto the conquest. Read online
- The Tale of Igor's Campaign (about 1187 to 1200 (disputed)). A poem on Igor Sviatoslavich's defeat by the Polovtsians in 1185 that addresses the princes of the day by name: Vsevolod of Vladimir, Rurik and David Rostislavich, Yaroslav of Galich, Roman of Volhynia and the Olgovichi of Chernigov, of whom Igor himself was prince from 1198. Read online
Sources and studies
- Principality of Galicia (English Wikipedia)
- Kingdom of Galicia-Volhynia (English Wikipedia)
- Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine: Halych principality
Last revised 4 November 2026. Published 4 November 2026. Suggest a correction on the OMNIA Discord.