Tobna, the Roman Thubunae, was the capital of the Zab in early Islamic times and still a town in al-Idrisi's day.
In 1200 it lies in the raided zone between Biskra and Setif.
Lord in 1200
Not pinned: between the Almohads and Yahya ibn Ghaniya
How things stand that morning
In the raided zone; not pinned.
Fairs and markets
Not recorded
Walls and castle
Old walls
Trade and crafts
Farming
Where the sources disagree
Evidence: Little for 1200.
Sources and studies
Last revised 4 November 2026. Published 4 November 2026. Suggest a correction on the OMNIA Discord.