Sangihe, Siau and Tagulandang form a chain of steep volcanic islands running north from Sulawesi toward Mindanao: the road between the Philippine seas and Maluku, and a dangerous one.
Each island is a cone with villages on its skirt (the campaign board). The volcanoes, Awu on Sangihe and Karangetang on Siau above all, have killed thousands at a stroke in the dated record, which begins long after 1200; no eruption is known for 1199 or 1200. The small kingdoms of the chain (Manganitu, Tabukan, Siau and others) are known from the sixteenth century and later; they are not shown for 1200.
The Talaud islands to the north are thinly peopled and open to the Pacific.
Who he is
- Title
- Village chiefs of the islands (no title known for 1200)
- Since
- not pinned
- Born
- not known
- Family
- not known
- Confidence
- low
No source names a chief of this place for 1200. Every title in this record (datu, to manurung, kolano, momole, orang kaya) comes from traditions or reports written down centuries after 1200. No source names any chief of this place for 1 January 1200.
What it holds
- The villages of the cone skirts
- The island road between Mindanao and Halmahera
- Boats for the crossing in either direction
Allies and rivals
The Minahasa shore to the south; Mindanao and Halmahera boats.
How things stand that morning
Not described for 1200.
Wealth
Sea products and provisions; no figures.
Military
Not known; boats, spears and shields in the later record. No numbers.
Threats
- An eruption of Awu or Karangetang (undated for this period)
- Raiders in boats from Mindanao and Halmahera
Places of note
- Tahuna (Sangihe): Chief town of Sangihe (position approximate).
- Siau: Island of the Karangetang cone (position approximate).
Where the sources disagree
- The campaign board entry id talaud-islands is covered by an anchor and a province record; Talaud Lirung (3.9, 126.8) is a tiny island missing from the land mask.
Evidence: Geography and later eruption records only. The campaign board marks Sangihe and Siau 'likely' and Talaud 'likely'.
"The campaign board" is OMNIA's working map. These notes record where its earlier claims were checked against the sources.
On the map: Near land of the villages, drawn as seeded blocks.
Sources and studies
- Background knowledge of Southeast Asian history (Wolters; Hall; Bellwood; Scott; Junker; Reid), recalled and not re-read in this pass
- The OMNIA board (September 2026) note for this place: a lead only, not a source
Last revised 4 November 2026. Published 4 November 2026. Suggest a correction on the OMNIA Discord.