Panglao island, off Bohol, has a cemetery excavated with gold ornament and imported ceramics of this period, and with skulls shaped in infancy and teeth filed and pegged with gold (the campaign board's note; Wikipedia's 'Panglao' page confirms only Tang, Song and Ming trade wares).
That is a wealthy coast with an elite. The later 'Kedatuan of Bo-ol' and Dapitan are traditions of the sixteenth century and after.
Who he is
- Title
- Chiefs of the Panglao and Bohol coast
- Since
- not pinned
- Born
- not known
- Family
- not known
- Confidence
- low
No source names the chief of this place for 1200. The word datu (and barangay) is recorded by the Spanish from the 1560s; the Copperplate of 900 uses Sanskrit-Malay titles instead. Everything about 1200 is inference from archaeology and later accounts.
What it holds
- The Panglao landing and the strait to Bohol
- Gold ornament as a mark of rank
Allies and rivals
Tied to its neighbours by marriage, debt, feud and raid; nothing above it.
How things stand that morning
Not described for 1200.
Wealth
Gold, imported ceramics, sea goods; no figures.
Military
War boats and raiding parties in the later record; no numbers.
Threats
- Raiders from the next coast
- Typhoon and flood
- A change in the Chinese trade
Places of note
- Panglao: Excavated cemetery island.
Where the sources disagree
Evidence: Archaeology reported by the campaign board; no text.
"The campaign board" is OMNIA's working map. These notes record where its earlier claims were checked against the sources.
On the map: A river mouth community's near land, drawn as a seeded block.
Sources and studies
- Wikipedia, 'Panglao, Bohol' (read in this pass): trade wares, nothing precisely dated
- The OMNIA board (September 2026) note for this place: a lead only, not a source
- Background knowledge of Southeast Asian history (Wolters; Hall; Bellwood; Scott; Junker; Reid), recalled and not re-read in this pass
Last revised 4 November 2026. Published 4 November 2026. Suggest a correction on the OMNIA Discord.