English Wikipedia says the Gao patronise the Azhali clergy by building temples on several scenic mountains, and credits Gao Liangcheng with building monasteries and with a ducal title from the Duan king; an undated stele at Zixi mountain in Chuxiong records his work.
This is the Gao's own piety and their means of rule: the temple is a seat of the family's lineage and an office-maker. No site is dated for 1200.
Who holds it
- Name
- not known for 1200
- Title
- The Gao chancellor and the Gao lords
- Since
- not pinned
- Born
- not known
- Family
- Gao
- Confidence
- low
See Gao chancellor.
What it holds
- Temples on the mountains of the Gao fiefs; sites not pinned
Allies and rivals
The Azhali clergy; the Duan kings.
How things stand that morning
Continuing; no building dated.
Where the sources disagree
Evidence: One English Wikipedia statement.
On the map: A point at the capital; the temples are not pinned.
Primary sources for Dali
Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.
- The Complete Annals of Dai Viet, Ngo Si Lien, drawing on Le Van Huu's Dai Viet su ky (1272) and Phan Phu Tien; continued by Pham Cong Tru and Le Hi (1479; printed 1697 in the standard Chinh Hoa edition). The main narrative source for Dai Viet in 1200, compiled in 1479 from Le Van Huu's lost history of 1272. Read online
- History of Song, chapters 488 and 489: Jiaozhi, Dali, Champa, Zhenla, Pagan, Srivijaya, Java, Brunei, Chola and Tambralinga, Toqto'a (Tuotuo) and the Yuan history office, from the Song court records (1343 to 1345, from Song veritable records and court diaries). The Chinese court's record of its southern neighbours, compiled from Song archives. Read online
- The Unofficial History of Nanzhao, Yang Shen; revised by Hu Wei (16th century, revised 1775, from Dali and Yunnan traditions and lost local histories). The kingdom of Dali has no surviving text of 1200: its own records were destroyed in the Mongol conquest and after, and the Song shi's Dali entry ends in 1175. Read online
- History of the Song, the chapters on Xia and on foreign states, Toqto'a (脫脫) and the Yuan history office (1343 to 1345). The Song court's accounts of its neighbours, each arranged as an annal of embassies and wars. Read online
- Draft Compilation of the Collected Statutes of the Song, Various; the Song huiyao were compiled by the Song state, the surviving draft reassembled by Xu Song from the Yongle dadian in the nineteenth century (the original Song compilations date from the eleventh to the thirteenth century; the surviving extracts were recovered in 1809 to 1820 and printed in 1936). Dated extracts from the Song government's own statute collections, arranged by office. Read online
- Notes in Answer to Questions about the Lands beyond the Passes, Zhou Qufei (周去非) (1178, after service in Guangxi). A Guangxi official's notes, written twenty years before 1200, on the south-western frontier of the Song and the countries beyond. Read online
Sources and studies
- Wikipedia, Dali Kingdom (read this session)
- Chinese Wikipedia, 高量成 (read this session; cites the Huofa Minggong deyun stele)
Last revised 4 November 2026. Published 4 November 2026. Suggest a correction on the OMNIA Discord.