City · County of Toulouse · as at first light, 1 January 1200

Saint-Bertrand

The Roman Lugdunum Convenarum, refounded as a small hilltop cathedral city by Bishop Bertrand (died 1123), whose cult draws pilgrims.

It is the see of the county but not its political seat.

Who holds it

Name
The bishop (name left to the Church map)
Title
Lord of the city: the bishop of Comminges
Confidence
medium

Lord in 1200

The bishop of Comminges, under the count.

Overlord

Bernard IV of Comminges.

How things stand that morning

Episcopal city in Comminges.

Walls and castle

Walled hilltop round the Romanesque cathedral.

Trade and crafts

Pilgrims to Saint Bertrand; market of the upper Garonne.

Where the sources disagree

Evidence: General.

Primary sources for Toulouse

Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.

  • Chronicles of Saint-Martial of Limoges, Bernard Itier and other monks of Saint-Martial; Geoffrey of Vigeois for the earlier chronicle (Geoffrey's chronicle to 1184; Bernard Itier's notes about 1195 to 1225). Bernard Itier, librarian of Saint-Martial, kept dated notes through 1200 of what reached Limoges: Richard's death at Chalus in 1199, the viscounts of Limoges and the lords of the Limousin, John's passage through Aquitaine in 1200 and the affairs of Angouleme and the Lusignans, and the abbey's own elections and prices. Read online
  • Deeds of the Counts of Barcelona, Anonymous (monks of Santa Maria de Ripoll) (first version 1162 to 1184; continued in the later 13th century; final version 1303 to 1314). The house chronicle of the counts of Barcelona.
  • Documents of the French Royal Treasury of Charters, vol. 1 (755 to 1223) (755 to 1223; the archive was organised from the 1190s). The treaties and bonds the French crown kept in its own archive, printed in date order. Read online
  • The Great Book of Fiefs, Various; compiled by Ramon de Caldes for Alfonso II of Aragon (compiled 1192 to 1194). The register of the count-king's feudal rights, finished a few years before 1200 and in use at Peter II's court: some 900 charters of homage, convention, oath, sale and marriage arranged by county and lineage, covering Catalonia, Roussillon, Cerdanya, Pallars, Urgell, the Carcassonne and Beziers lands of the Trencavels, Provence and Aragon.

Sources and studies

  1. French Wikipedia, 'Saint-Bertrand-de-Comminges'

Last revised 4 November 2026. Published 4 November 2026. Suggest a correction on the OMNIA Discord.