Trading place and harbour on the Ems in the Frisian Emsigerland.
No town charter in 1200; the Frisian lands' own judges rule. Its old mint belonged to the counts of the Emsgau (not checked for 1200).
Who holds it
- Name
- no resident lord (the Emsigerland governs itself)
- Title
- lord
- Confidence
- medium
Lord in 1200
no resident lord (the Emsigerland governs itself)
How things stand that morning
Frisian trading place.
Charter
None in 1200.
Trade and crafts
Ems and North Sea trade, cattle and cloth (not pinned).
Where the sources disagree
Evidence: Town status dates from the general literature; not checked against charters.
Primary sources for Frisia
Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.
- Annals of Egmond (12th century to about 1205). The house annals of Egmond, the counts of Holland's abbey, and the main native source for Holland around 1200. Read online
- Chronicle of the abbots of Wittewierum (Bloemhof), Emo of Wittewierum (from 1219 to 1237, continued by Menko to 1273). The chronicle opens only in 1204 with the founding of Emo's Premonstratensian house in the Groningen Ommelanden, so it has nothing for 1200 itself. Read online
Sources and studies
Last revised 4 November 2026. Published 4 November 2026. Suggest a correction on the OMNIA Discord.