Deventer

Who holds it

Name

Bishop Dirk II of Are

Title

The bishop of Utrecht, through his schout

Since

1197-1198

Confidence

high

Lord in 1200

Bishop Dirk II of Are, whose second seat it is; his schout presides over the town court

How things stand that morning

The bishop's town; Arnold of Isenburg, Guelders' candidate of 1196, was its provost.

Charter

City rights traditionally dated 956; in 1123 Emperor Henry V gave the townsmen their common lands, taken by historians as the moment the inhabitants won town rights

Council

The schout and aldermen; a council is later (not pinned)

Fairs and markets

Deventer's fairs are among the great fairs of the Low Countries; their number and dates in 1200 are not pinned

Walls and castle

An earthen wall since the Viking raid of 882; the bishop's palace by the Lebuinus church

Trade and crafts

IJssel trade: Rhine wine, Frisian cattle and cloth, fish, grain, timber; the bishop's mint

Where the sources disagree

Evidence: Charter dates from the English Wikipedia; the fairs are known mostly from later evidence.

Primary sources for Utrecht

Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.

• Annals of Egmond (12th century to about 1205). The house annals of Egmond, the counts of Holland's abbey, and the main native source for Holland around 1200. Read online
• Chronicle of the abbots of Wittewierum (Bloemhof), Emo of Wittewierum (from 1219 to 1237, continued by Menko to 1273). The chronicle opens only in 1204 with the founding of Emo's Premonstratensian house in the Groningen Ommelanden, so it has nothing for 1200 itself. Read online