People or land · West Africa: the Sudan and Guinea · as at first light, 1 January 1200

Mano and Dan

The mountain country round Mount Nimba, Sanniquellie, Danané, Man and Biankouma.

The Dan, Mano and Toura speak southern Mande languages, a branch that parted from the other Mande tongues very long ago, so they have likely been at the forest edge for a long time; in later times their villages were ruled through masked societies, elders and war leaders. Nothing is recorded of them for 1200.

Who holds it

Title
Village elders, war leaders and the masks
Since
Not known
Confidence
low

Customs

Mask societies (the masks as judges, peacemakers and messengers); villages of patrilineal lineages; rice farming; smiths.

Assemblies

Elders and masks.

Where the sources disagree

Evidence: Linguistic classification and later ethnography.

On the map: Drawn from the later Mano and Dan lands.

Sources and studies

  1. Dan (peuple) (French Wikipedia, citing H. Zemp, E. Fischer and H. Himmelheber)
  2. Researcher's general knowledge of the ethnography and linguistic geography of Ghana and Togo (present-day distributions), used only to place peoples whose 1200 seats are not recorded

Last revised 4 November 2026. Published 4 November 2026. Suggest a correction on the OMNIA Discord.