Highland East Cushitic farmers and herders between the Omo and the Rift lakes, round modern Hosaena and Durame.
Hadiya appears first in the Kebra Nagast (thirteenth century) and in a Mamluk report of 1292 that names one master of 'Hadaya, Shewa and Kalgur'; in the fourteenth century it is a Muslim kingdom conquered by Amda Seyon after Damot. Whether a Hadiya state existed on 1 January 1200 is not known; the stelae fields of the Hadiya country belong to the same culture as Tiya.
Who holds it
- Title
- Not known: a Hadiya ruler is attested only from the later thirteenth century
- Since
- Not pinned
- Confidence
- low
Overlord
None recorded for 1200.
What it holds
- The uplands west of the Rift lakes round modern Hosaena and Durame
How things stand that morning
Not pinned: a people, perhaps already a polity.
Customs
Clans; Islam spreading by the later thirteenth century (1200 not documented).
Where the sources disagree
Evidence: First written mentions are thirteenth-century.
On the map: Rough outline.
Sources and studies
- Wikipedia, 'Hadiya Sultanate'
- African History Extra, 'A Muslim kingdom in the Ethiopian highlands' (the Mamluk report of 1292)
Last revised 4 November 2026. Published 4 November 2026. Suggest a correction on the OMNIA Discord.