The largest of the Padang Lawas temple sites: a walled brick terrace complex in the same tantric tradition as Bahal, with a main shrine and smaller shrines inside an earth wall (as we remember the plan).
The brief and the English Wikipedia article on the Padang Lawas site give the eleventh to thirteenth century, with Pannai as the polity behind it. As at Bahal, whether it was in service in 1200 is not recorded, and no inscription we could reach names a patron.
Who holds it
- Title
- The priests of Si Pamutung, not named
- Since
- not known
- Born
- not known
- Family
- not known
- Confidence
- low
No source names an abbot, priest or headman of this house for any date near 1 January 1200.
Overlord
The ruler of Panai, by position; not shown.
What it holds
- The shrine or temple and what the campaign board and the remains show of its endowment
How things stand that morning
Standing; the state of service in 1200 is not recorded.
Where the sources disagree
Evidence: Fair for the monument; nothing for a patron or lands.
On the map: Core of the site only.
Sources and studies
- Wikipedia (English): Padang Lawas archaeological site
- D. Perret (ed.), Histoire de Padang Lawas, Sumatra du Nord (2014), read from memory, not rechecked
Last revised 4 November 2026. Published 4 November 2026. Suggest a correction on the OMNIA Discord.