At Orugallu the self-born Svayambhusiva linga (the four-faced Chaturmukha-linga) has been worshipped 'since the early 11th century' on the Warangal Fort article's wording; at Hanamkonda the Thousand Pillar temple, a triple shrine to Shiva, Vishnu and Surya (Trikutalayam), was built by Rudradeva in 1163 and the Padmakshi temple on the hill is of the first quarter of the twelfth century (Hanamkonda article, read).
The Bhadrakali temple on the road between them is undated. These are the royal foundations of the line that rose at Anumakonda and the endowment centre of the Kakatiya court.
Who holds it
- Title
- The royal Shaiva preceptors and priests
- Since
- not pinned
- Born
- not known
- Confidence
- low
The royal preceptors of the Golaki (Kalamukha) tradition are Ganapati's later teachers (Visvesvara Shivacharya, 1230s, from memory); none is named for 1200.
What it holds
- Temple endowments round Hanamkonda and Orugallu
How things stand that morning
Royal foundations in use.
Where the sources disagree
Evidence: The Warangal Fort and Hanamkonda articles (read) give the dates quoted.
Primary sources for Kakatiya kingdom (Orugallu)
Chronicles, registers, sagas and inscriptions written in or near 1200 that cover this entry. Each has its own page with editions, translations and where to read it.
- Corpus of Inscriptions in the Telingana Districts, Various (Kakatiya chancery and temple scribes), edited by P. Sreenivasachar (inscriptions of the 10th to 15th centuries; edited 1940 to 1942). The Kakatiyas of Orugallu (Warangal) are known for 1200 almost entirely from inscriptions, and this Hyderabad Archaeological Series corpus is the main printed collection. Read online
- Sanskrit and Old Canarese Inscriptions relating to the Yadava Kings of Devagiri, Various (Yadava chancery), edited by J. F. Fleet (inscriptions of the 12th and 13th centuries; edited 1876). The first collected edition of the Yadava (Seuna) records, with texts and translations, from the Indian Antiquary. Read online
- South Indian Inscriptions (Archaeological Survey of India), Various (Chola, Pandya and other chanceries and temple scribes), edited by E. Hultzsch, V. Venkayya, H. Krishna Sastri and successors (inscriptions of the 7th to 17th centuries; the series ran from 1890). The temple inscriptions printed here are the primary record of the Tamil country in 1200. Read online
Sources and studies
- Wikipedia: Warangal Fort (read this session)
- Wikipedia: Hanamkonda (read this session)
- Wikipedia: Rudradeva (read this session)
- OMNIA board notes for this place (a lead only, checked against the sources above)
Last revised 4 November 2026. Published 4 November 2026. Suggest a correction on the OMNIA Discord.